I can edit sentences for mistakes in mechanics, subject and verb agreement, and wordiness. I can analyze a writer’s use of metaphor in developing his purpose. I can identify a writer’s bias and evaluate its effect on his argument. I can analyze the effectiveness of syntactical devices in common aphorisms. AP Language January 14-15, 2015

Bell Ringer—focus on pronoun problems and wordiness (Don’t forget those pesky punctuation rules, too!) My Mother and me saw you’re play last week anyone whose seen it is likely to feel quiet effected by the last seen. Neither Tansy nor me qualified for the state swim meet but either Anna or Josie won all their events. Although Galileo is for all practical purposes virtually the most respected renaissance scientist he was most sadly and erroneously mistaken about the basic origin of the moons dark areas which he in actuality believes were most definitely watery seas. Beginning course details and/or books/materials needed for a class/project.

Remember: Syntax and Persuasion Balance and Contrast Antimetabole: a sentence strategy in which the arrangement of ideas in the second phrase or clause is a reversal of the first (using the same words); also called chiastic structure. “Ask not what your country can do for you—ask what you can do for your country.” –John F. Kennedy Antithesis: a contrast of ideas or words in a balanced or parallel construction “To err is human; to forgive, divine.” –Alexander Pope Repetition and Omission Anaphora: The repetition of the beginning parts of phrases, clauses, or sentences. Anadiplosis: the repetition of a prominent (usually final) word or phrase at the beginning of the next successive phrases. “Fear leads to anger. Anger leads to hate. Hate leads to suffering.” –Yoda (This is also parallelism.) Ellipsis: The deliberate omission of a word or words that are readily implied by the context “To err is human; to forgive, [is] divine.” –Alexander Pope Epistrophe: the repetition of the same word or group of words at the ends of successive phrases or clauses. “government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish from the earth.” –Abraham Lincoln

Which techniques are used in the following examples? “Life can be cruel, full of hope and heartache.” in Rhetorical Devices: A Handbook and Activities for Student Writers, 22. “All for one, and one for all.” –Alexandre Dumas, in The Three Musketeers “In education we find the measure of our own ignorance; in ignorance we find the beginning of wisdom.” in Rhetorical Devices: A Handbook and Activities for Student Writers, 115 “…we shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end, we shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our Island, whatever the cost may be, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender…” –Winston Churchill, June 4, 1940

Vocabulary Review exercises 1 and 4 HOMEWORK: EXERCISE 2 A schedule design for optional periods of time/objectives.

Journal Relate The Cheating Culture to Machiavelli. Use some specific examples (no need to quote) to support your connections.

Review journal from January 12-13 What is imperialism? Connotation of imperialism? Why might imperialism have that connotation? What would Machiavelli say about imperialists? Why? Introductory notes.

George Orwell Read “To Shoot an Elephant” on page 276 in 50 Essays. What metaphor does Orwell use to develop his argument on imperialism? Find examples of imagery in the essay. Find examples of humor/sarcasm in the essay. Do questions 1-3 on page 283

Homework Vocabulary exercise 2 only Read Thoreau’s “Resistance to Civil Government” Do the margins questions for the excerpt As you read, try to make connections to Machiavelli and Orwell.

Rhetorical analysis of aphorisms Complete the worksheet with one example. Use Claim, Evidence, Commentary/Analysis as the organization for your analysis. A list of procedures and steps, or a lecture slide with media.

Next Class Period In-Class essay: Argument Bring The Cheating Culture DOL quiz http://www2.wlu.edu/x35248.xml