1. The father of genetics is_____. A. Charles Darwin B. Gregor Mendel C. James Watson D. Albert Einstein ___

3. Mendel studied the inheritance of ___________ in the garden pea. A 3. Mendel studied the inheritance of ___________ in the garden pea. A. seed size B. seed color C. flower size D. all of the above ___

5. According to the blending theory of inheritance, a cross between plants with red flowers and plants with white flowers would yield only _____. A. plants with red flowers B. plants with white flowers C. plants with red and white flowers D. plants with pink flowers ___

7. Mendel's experiments are as applicable today as they were in 1860 due to _____. A. his careful experimental design B. his use of statistics to interpret his results C. his careful records of the numbers of offspring that expressed each characteristic D. all of the above ___

8. Mendel's true-breeding pea plants were created by _____. A 8. Mendel's true-breeding pea plants were created by _____. A. self-pollination B. cross-pollination ___

12. When an organism has two different alleles at a gene locus, it is referred to as _____. A. homozygous recessive B. homozygous dominant C. heterozygous ___

13. The allele that is expressed in a heterozygous organism is the _____ allele. A. dominant B. recessive ___

14. The word __________ refers to the alleles an individual receives at fertilization. A. genotype B. phenotype C. allotype D. lenotype ___

15. Which of the following is a phenotype. A. Tt B. heterozygous C 15. Which of the following is a phenotype? A. Tt B. heterozygous C. short D. T ___

16. When Mendel crossed a true-breeding tall plant with a true-breeding short plant the offspring were _____. A. 100% tall B. 50% tall, 50% short C. 100% medium ___

17. The product of a cross between two different strains that differ in regard to only one trait is known as a _____. A. true-breeding organism B. hybrid C. dihybrid D. homozygous organism ___

19. When Mendel crossed the hybrids (F1 generation) _____. A 19. When Mendel crossed the hybrids (F1 generation) _____. A. all the plants were tall B. all the plants were medium height C. 3/4 of the plants were tall, 1/4 of the plants were short ___

20. Mendel's law of segregation states _____. A 20. Mendel's law of segregation states _____. A. parents of contrasting appearance produce offspring of intermediate appearance B. factors for each trait separate during gamete formation C. organisms have two factors for each trait D. both B and C ___

21. A cross between two hybrids results in a _____ phenotypic ratio. A 21. A cross between two hybrids results in a _____ phenotypic ratio. A. 9:3:3:1 B. 1:2:1 C. 3:1 D. 1:1:1:1 ___

23. Each physical trait is controlled by _____ allele(s). A. one B 23. Each physical trait is controlled by _____ allele(s). A. one B. two C. three D. four ___

24. Mendel's true-breeding short plants in the P generation were _____ 24. Mendel's true-breeding short plants in the P generation were _____. A. homozygous recessive B. homozygous dominant C. heterozygous ___

25. There is only one allele for each trait in the gametes because _____. A. each organism has only one allele for each trait B. the homologous chromosomes separate during meiosis I C. mitosis reduces the number of chromosomes when gametes are formed ___

26. The recessive phenotype is displayed by organisms which are _____ 26. The recessive phenotype is displayed by organisms which are _____. A. homozygous dominant B. homozygous recessive C. heterozygous ___

27. Which of the following represents a heterozygous genotype. A. TT B 27. Which of the following represents a heterozygous genotype? A. TT B. Tt C. tt D. tall ___

28. Each gamete has only one allele for each trait because gametes are always _____. A. haploid B. diploid ___

29. A heterozygous (for one trait) organism can produce ______. A 29. A heterozygous (for one trait) organism can produce ______. A. only one type of gamete B. two types of gametes ___

30. Which of the following gametes would Mendel's true-breeding tall plants in the P generation have produced? A. T B. T or t C. t ___

34. If a person is heterozygous for unattached earlobes, their genotype must be _____. A. EE B. Ee C. ee ___

35. Which of the following represents a type of gamete. A. Tt B. TT C 35. Which of the following represents a type of gamete? A. Tt B. TT C. t D. tt ___

39. Mendel relied heavily on his knowledge of ____ to interpret the results of his experiments. A. anatomy B. microbiology C. statistics D. physics ___

40. The probable results of a genetic cross can be determined by using _____. A. a Punnett square B. the laws of probability C. both A and B ___

42. If yellow seed color is dominant over green seed color in pea plants, we could use _____ to represent a homozygous dominant yellow seed producing plant. A. Y B. y C. YY D. Yy ___

44. Mendel crossed his F1 generation tall plants with true-breeding, short plants. The results were a __________ phenotypic ratio. A. 1:1 B. 2:1 C. 3:1 D. 4:1 ___

45. If an individual with the dominant phenotype is crossed with an individual with the recessive phenotype and all the offspring have the dominant phenotype, it would be concluded that the individual with the dominant phenotype is _____. A. homozygous dominant B. heterozygous ___

48. If the chance of E = 1/2 and the chance of e = 1/2, then the chance of Ee = _____. A. 1/2 B. 1/4

49. E = unattached earlobes. e = attached earlobes 49. E = unattached earlobes. e = attached earlobes. In the cross of Ee and Ee, the chance of a child with unattached earlobes is _____. A. 1/2 B. 1/4 C. 3/4 ___

51. The mother can roll her tongue (dominant phenotype), but her child cannot (recessive phenotype). The mother's phenotype must be _____. A. TT B. Tt C. tt ___

52. A mother and child can roll their tongues (dominant phenotype), but the father cannot (recessive phenotype). The child's phenotype must be _____. A. TT B. Tt C. tt ___

53. If two flies heterozygous for wing length and body color are crossed, which of the following are possible results? A. chance of L, long wings = 3/4 B. chance of l, short wings = 1/2 C. Chance of G, grey body = 1/4 D. all of the above are true ___

54. A cross in which true-breeding plants differ in two traits is known as a __________ cross. A. test B. dihybrid C. multi trait D. hybrid ___

55. Which is a mutant characteristic in fruit flies. A. gray body B 55. Which is a mutant characteristic in fruit flies? A. gray body B. black body C. long wings ___

56. How many different types of gametes can a fly with the genotype LlGg produce? A. one B. two C. three D. four ___

57. When two dihybrid organisms are crossed and simple dominance is present in both genes a _____ phenotypic ratio will result. A. 1:2:1 B. 3:1 C. 9:3:3:1 D. 1:1:1:1 ___

58. If we represent fruit fly traits with the following letters: L = long wings, l = short wings, G = gray body, g = black body, then an organism with the genotype LLGg will _____. A. have long wings and a gray body B. have long wings and a black body C. have short wings and a gray body D. have short wings and a black body ___

59. The organism with the genotype LLGg will produce _____ type(s) of gamete(s). A. one B. two C. three D. four ___

60. If the chance of having long wings is 3/4 and the chance of having a black body is 1/4, then the chance of having long wings and a black body are _____. A. 9/16 B. 4/16 C. 3/16 D. 1/16 ___

61. If the chance of having short wings and a black body is 1/16 and the chance of having short wings is 1/4, then the chance of having a black body must be _____. A. 1/4 B. 3/4 C. 1/12 ___

62. Which of the following types of gametes is not produced by an organism with the genotype LLGg? A. LG B. lG C. Lg ___

65. In dihybrid genetics problems, the individual has _____ allele(s) 65. In dihybrid genetics problems, the individual has _____ allele(s). A. one B. two C. three D. four ___

66. If we find the genotype of an individual to be AABbcc, we've examined alleles for _____ trait(s). A. one B. two C. three D. four ___

68. Which of the following genotypes represents an organism that is homozygous recessive for two traits? A. lg B. Llgg C. llgg D. LLGG ___

72. If the parents are heterozygous for cystic fibrosis (Ff x Ff), then each offspring has a _____ chance of having cystic fibrosis. A. 2% B. 25% C. 50% D. 75% ___

73. Selective breeding can be used to produce _____. A 73. Selective breeding can be used to produce _____. A. crops with higher yields B. sheep with thicker coats C. chickens that lay larger eggs D. all of the above ___

74. To determine whether an individual is homozygous dominant or heterozygous for either of two traits a cross with an individual with a _____ genotype could be done. A. LLGG B. LlGg C. llgg D. llGG ___

75. If an organism that is homozygous dominant for two traits is crossed with an organism that is homozygous recessive for the same two traits, the offspring will _____. A. all have the dominant phenotype for both traits B. have a 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio C. have a 1:1:1:1 phenotypic ratio D. have a 1:1 phenotypic ratio ___

76. Which of the following is a gamete? A. LLGg B. Gg C. Lg D. llgg ___

78. If plants with tall stems and green pods are dominant to plants with short stems and yellow pods, a cross between two plants heterozygous for each trait will yield _____ short plants with green pods. A. one B. three C. six D. nine ___