1. Journal #7
On a sheet of paper draw a venn diagram, we will be comparing/contrasting mitosis and meiosis

2. Monohybrid Crosses, Phenotypes & Genotypes

3. 1. Heredity: The passing of traits from parents to offspring
A. Heredity & Genetics
1. Heredity: The passing of traits from parents to offspring
2. Genetics: Study of heredity
3. Inherited characteristics are called traits

4. 4. Gregor Mendel was the first person to predict how
4. Gregor Mendel was the first person to predict how traits are transferred.

5. Gametes in the same flower
A. Used peas because
Reproduce sexually
Gametes in the same flower
Fertilization could be controlled

6. b. Mendel transferred pollen from plant to plant and then studied resulting peas
c. Studied only one trait at a time
d. Called the “father of genetics”

7. Figure 11-3 Mendel’s Seven F1 Crosses on Pea Plants
Section 11-1
Seed Shape
Seed Color
Seed Coat
Color
Pod
Shape
Pod Color
Flower Position
Plant Height
Round
Yellow
Gray
Smooth
Green
Axial
Tall
Wrinkled
Green
White
Constricted
Yellow
Terminal
Short
Round
Yellow
Gray
Smooth
Green
Axial
Tall
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8. Mendel identified 2 laws:
1. The Law of Segregation: explains the disappearance of a trait in the F1 generation and its reappearance in the F2 generation.
Skips a generation

9. 2. The Law of Independent Assortment:genes for different traits are inherited independently of each other if on different chromosomes.
Not all of a persons traits are on one chromosome

10. C. Phenotypes & Genotypes
Phenotype: appearance of
an organism
Example: short, tall, green, yellow
2. Genotype: gene combination of an organism
Example: tt, TT, Tt, gg, GG

11. 1. Heterozygous: the 2 alleles are different, can be called hybrids Example: Tt -heterozygous
2. Homozygous: the 2 alleles are the same Example: TT means homozygous dominant, and tt means homozygous recessive

12. Traits can be dominant or recessive. i
Traits can be dominant or recessive i. Dominant traits: exhibited trait, written with 1 or 2 capital letters Example: T
ii. Recessive traits: inhibited trait, written with recessive letters (lowercase letters) Example: t

13. Monohybrid Crosses
1. Crosses that differ by a single trait Example: Tall pea plant x short pea plant
2. The first generation produced offspring resembling only one parent Example: all tall pea plants
3. The second generation produced: a. 3/4 of peas were tall b. 1/4 of peas were short

14. Principles of Dominance
Section 11-1
P Generation
F1 Generation
F2 Generation
Tall
Short
Tall
Tall
Tall
Tall
Tall
Short
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15. 4. Mendel concluded that each trait has 2 factors
i. Factors are now called alleles
ii. Inherit one allele from mother and one allele from father

16. Tt X Tt Cross Punnett Squares Parent Offspring go inside the boxes
Section 11-2
Parent
Offspring go inside the boxes
Parent
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17. Tt X Tt Cross Punnett Squares Phenotype: 3 tall, 1 short
Section 11-2
Phenotype: 3 tall, 1 short
Genotype: TT, Tt, tt
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18. Add this on to your notes
Probability: the chance or percentage of chance of a trait being exhibited