PRS Slides for PowerPoint Ch. 2 The Biological Perspective Copyright © Pearson Education, 2012

Definitional and Application Slides 2 Copyright © Pearson Education, 2012

3 The entire nervous system is divided into two major parts: What are they? 1. Peripheral and somatic 2. Central and peripheral 3. Somatic and autonomic 4. Sympathetic and parasympathetic LO 2.1 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

4 The entire nervous system is divided into two major parts: What are they? 1. Peripheral and somatic 2. Central and peripheral (p. 47) 3. Somatic and autonomic 4. Sympathetic and parasympathetic LO 2.1 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

5 The part of the neuron responsible for carrying the neural message from one end to the other is the: 1. Soma 2. Dendrite 3. Axon 4. Glial cells 5. Myelin LO 2.1 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

6 The part of the neuron responsible for carrying the neural message from one end to the other is the: 1. Soma 2. Dendrite 3. Axon (p. 47) 4. Glial cells 5. Myelin LO 2.1 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

7 ________ is a fatty substance that forms a protective coating around the axon of a neuron. 1.Dendrite 2.Soma 3.Terminal branches 4.Neurilemma 5.Myelin LO 2.1 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

8 ________ is a fatty substance that forms a protective coating around the axon of a neuron. 1.Dendrite 2.Soma 3.Terminal branches 4.Neurilemma 5.Myelin (p. 48) LO 2.1 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

9 The gap between neurons is called a(n) 1. Synapse 2. Receptor 3. Threshold 4. Axon terminal LO 2.2 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

10 The gap between neurons is called a(n) 1. Synapse 2. Receptor 3. Threshold 4. Axon terminal LO 2.2 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

11 _________ are sections on a dendrite onto which neurotransmitters attach so a message can be received by a neuron: 1.Synapse vesicles 2.Synaptic gap 3.Receptor sites 4.Action potentials 5.Resting potentials LO 2.2 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

12 _________ are sections on a dendrite onto which neurotransmitters attach so a message can be received by a neuron: 1.Synapse vesicles 2.Synaptic gap 3.Receptor sites (p. 52) 4.Action potentials 5.Resting potentials LO 2.2 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

13 The ___________ nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord. 1.peripheral 2.autonomic 3.somatic 4.parasympathetic 5.central LO 2.2 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

14 The ___________ nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord. 1.peripheral 2.autonomic 3.somatic 4.parasympathetic 5.central (p. 56) LO 2.2 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

15 While jogging, you notice a shiny object on the ground, reach down, and pick it up. Information about the object reached your brain by way of __________, and your hand was commanded to reach down by __________. 1. Motor neurons; motor neurons 2. Interneurons; interneurons 3. Sensory neurons; motor neurons 4. Motor neurons; sensory neurons LO 2.3 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

16 While jogging, you notice a shiny object on the ground, reach down, and pick it up. Information about the object reached your brain by way of __________, and your hand was commanded to reach down by __________. 1. Motor neurons; motor neurons 2. Interneurons; interneurons 3. Sensory neurons; motor neurons (p. 57) 4. Motor neurons; sensory neurons LO 2.3 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

17 This section of the nervous system is responsible for calming the body after a stressful response: 1.Sympathetic 2.Central 3.Parasympathetic 4.Autonomic 5.Sensory neurons LO 2.4 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

18 This section of the nervous system is responsible for calming the body after a stressful response: 1.Sympathetic 2.Central 3.Parasympathetic (p. 60) 4.Autonomic 5.Sensory neurons LO 2.4 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

19 Which of the following techniques uses X-rays? 1. PET scans 2. MRI 3. CT scans 4. EEG LO 2.6 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

20 Which of the following techniques uses X-rays? 1. PET scans 2. MRI 3. CT scans (p. 67) 4. EEG LO 2.6 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

21 _________ is a technique used to study the brain that involves injecting radioactive glucose to detect activity in the brain during various tasks. 1.MRI scan 2.PET scan 3.CT scan 4.EEG 5.Deep lesioning LO 2.6 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

22 _________ is a technique used to study the brain that involves injecting radioactive glucose to detect activity in the brain during various tasks. 1.MRI scan 2.PET scan (p. 68) 3.CT scan 4.EEG 5.Deep lesioning LO 2.6 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

23 This section of the brain is located at the top of the spinal column and is involved with life-sustaining functions such as heart rate, respiration, and swallowing: 1.Pons 2.Reticular formation 3.Medulla 4.Thalamus 5.Hypothalamus LO 2.7 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

24 This section of the brain is located at the top of the spinal column and is involved with life-sustaining functions such as heart rate, respiration, and swallowing: 1.Pons 2.Reticular formation 3.Medulla (p. 69) 4.Thalamus 5.Hypothalamus LO 2.7 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

25 A patient in a hospital has difficulty controlling fine motor movement, coordinating simple movements that are involved in more complex movements (e.g., walking), and has difficulty with balance. The brain area that is most likely damaged is called: 1.Reticular formation 2.Cerebellum 3.Medulla 4.Pons 5.Thalamus LO 2.7 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

26 A patient in a hospital has difficulty controlling fine motor movement, coordinating simple movements that are involved in more complex movements (e.g., walking), and has difficulty with balance. The brain area that is most likely damaged is called: 1.Reticular formation 2.Cerebellum (p.70) 3.Medulla 4.Pons 5.Thalamus LO 2.7 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

27 Thought of as the master gland of the endocrine system, the action of the __________ gland is controlled by a small structure in the brain. 1. Hypothalamus 2. Thyroid 3. Pancreas 4. Pituitary LO 2.8 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

28 Thought of as the master gland of the endocrine system, the action of the __________ gland is controlled by a small structure in the brain. 1. Hypothalamus 2. Thyroid 3. Pancreas 4. Pituitary (p. 72) LO 2.8 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

29 The __________ is involved with responses related to fear relatively quickly, allowing people to respond to danger sometimes before even being consciously aware that it exists: 1.amygdala 2.thalamus 3.hypothalamus 4.hippocampus 5.pons LO 2.8 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

30 The __________ is involved with responses related to fear relatively quickly, allowing people to respond to danger sometimes before even being consciously aware that it exists: 1.amygdala (p. 72) 2.thalamus 3.hypothalamus 4.hippocampus 5.pons LO 2.8 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

31 This area of the brain is responsible for higher mental functions, such as planning, personality, memory, and decision making: 1.Temporal lobes 2.Parietal lobes 3.Frontal lobes 4.Occipital lobes 5.Motor cortex LO 2.9 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

32 This area of the brain is responsible for higher mental functions, such as planning, personality, memory, and decision making: 1.Temporal lobes 2.Parietal lobes 3.Frontal lobes (p. 76) 4.Occipital lobes 5.Motor cortex LO 2.9 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

33 ________ is an association area located in the left temporal lobe that is responsible for understanding the meaning of language. 1.Broca’s area 2.Wernicke’s area 3.Somatosensory cortex 4.Corpus callosum 5.Motor cortex LO 2.10 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

34 ________ is an association area located in the left temporal lobe that is responsible for understanding the meaning of language. 1.Broca’s area 2.Wernicke’s area (p. 77) 3.Somatosensory cortex 4.Corpus callosum 5.Motor cortex LO 2.10 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

35 The area of the brain that connects the two cerebral hemispheres and is often severed in split brain patients is called: 1.Temporal lobe 2.Parietal lobe 3.Occipital lobe 4.Frontal lobe 5.Corpus callosum LO 2.11 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

36 The area of the brain that connects the two cerebral hemispheres and is often severed in split brain patients is called: 1.Temporal lobe 2.Parietal lobe 3.Occipital lobe 4.Frontal lobe 5.Corpus callosum (p. 78) LO 2.11 Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education

Critical Thinking & Student Opinion Slides 37 Copyright © Pearson Education, 2012

What do you think? Should someone who is accused of a crime be able to plead not guilty on the grounds of brain dysfunction or hormone imbalance? A.Yes B. No Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education 38

What do you think? Should someone who is accused of a crime be able to plead not guilty because he or she was under the influence of drugs? A.Yes B. No Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education 39

With which statement do you agree? A. Children younger than 10 years old should be given medications to correct emotional and/or behavior problems. B. Most childhood behavior and emotional problems (like ADHD) are not really disorders, but are a function of just being a kid. Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education 40

With which statement do you agree? A. Men and women are destined to behave differently because of differences in their brains. B. People can consciously modify their behavior to overcome sex differences in the brain. Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education 41

What do you think? Should it be legal to perform brain surgery or to administer electroconvulsive shock to control behavior in adults? A.Yes B. No Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education 42

What do you think? Should it be legal to perform brain surgery or to administer electroconvulsive shock to control behavior in children? A.Yes B. No Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education 43

What do you think? Should it be legal to perform brain surgery or to administer electroconvulsive shock to control behavior in habitual criminals? A.Yes B. No Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education 44

What do you think? Should it be permissible to clone animals? A.Yes B. No Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education 45

What do you think? Assuming we had the technology, should it be permissible to clone humans? A.Yes B. No Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education 46

What do you think? Should it be illegal to use animals in experimental research? A.Yes B. No Copyright © 2012, Pearson Education 47