AFRICAN AMERICAN Innovations In Science & Technology.

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Presentation transcript:

AFRICAN AMERICAN Innovations In Science & Technology

African Intellectual Center famed for its Law and Medical Universities TIMBUKTU 1500th and 1600th Centuries African Intellectual Center famed for its Law and Medical Universities

Ned ( Slave) : Cotton Cultivator 1800s Mississippi . Persons of bondage not allowed patents Invention of farming equipment that could do work equal to four humans and four horses.

Benjamin Banneker, Mathematician 1731-1806 (Maryland) Developed first clock in U. S. Studied astronomy and developed an almanac. 3. Appointed by President George Washington to create layout out for Washington, D. C.

George Washington Carver, Botanist 1860-1943 (Missouri) Former slave who became a world renown authority on plant diseases.

Matthew Henson, Explorer 1866-1955 (Maryland) First known human to reach the North Pole.

Garrett Morgan, Traffic Signal 1877-1963 (Kentucky) Inventions also included the gas masks used by both firemen and soldiers.

Madame C. J. Walker, Chemist 1867-1919 (Louisiana) . First self-made woman millionaire. . Revolutionized the hair care industry.

Lloyd A. Hall, Chemist 1894-1971 (Illinois) Developed curing salts that revolutionized the processing and preserving of meats and produce.

Ernest E. Just, Zoologist 1883-1940 (South Carolina) Pioneered the study of cell life, human metabolism and egg fertilization.

Charles R. Drew, Biologist 1904-1950 (Washington, D.C.) Introduction of Blood Plasma revolutionized Medical profession. Blood Bank’s Founder and first Director.

Dr. Louis T. Wright, Scientist 1891-1952 (Georgia) Cancer and Clinical Antibiotic research innovator.

Frederick M. Jones, Electronics 1892-1961(Ohio) Invented the first automatic refrigeration system for trucks, ships and railroad cars

Dr. Percy Julian, Organic Chemist 1899-1975 (Alabama) Synthesized both cortisone used in treating rheumatoid arthritis and the drug physostigmine for treating glaucoma.

Dr. Samuel Kountz, Surgeon 1930-1981 (Arkansas) Innovator of kidney transplant machine that preserves post donor kidneys for up to fifty hours.

Ralph Gardner, Chemist 1922- (Ohio) Researcher on the Manhattan Project resulting in the creation of the Atomic Bomb.

Dr. Earl Shaw, Physicist 1937- (Mississippi) Inventor of free electron laser used in study of chemical reactions, biological functions and semiconductors.

Dr. George Carruthers, Astronomy 1940- (Chicago) Developer of the lunar surface ultraviolet camera and spectrograph used on the moon by Apollo 16.

Dr. Mary Harris, Molecular Genetics .Founder and CEO of Bio Technical Communications which specializes in the root causes of health disparities.

Dr. Shirley A. Jackson, Physicist . First woman to chair the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission ‘ Current President of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

John Thompson, Computer Scientist - (New York) Invented lingo programming used in Macromedia Director and Shockwave.

Dr. Mark Dean, Computer Scientist 1957- (Tennessee) Led design team that created the first 1-gigahertz processor chip.

Otis Boykin, Computer Engineer 1920-1983 ( Texas) Invented the electrical resistor used in cardiac pacemakers and other electrical devices.

Dr. Patricia Bath, Ophthalmologist Invented the “Laserphaco Probe” This device used for initial cataract surgery decreases discomfort while increasing accuracy.

Dr. Paul Gilbert, RESEARCH CIVIL ENGINEER .1944 – (Mississippi) Selected among top 200 U. S. Scientists. Civil Engineering Research Projects in Russia, England and Harvard University.

Dr. Ronald NcNair, Physicist & NASA Astronaut 1950 – 1986 (South Carolina/ NC A&T Graduate) Nationally Renown in field of Laser Physics Final launch of Space Shuttle Challenger on 01-28-1986.

Credits www.blackinventor.com www.mathbuffalo.edu Brodie, J. M. Created Equal: Black American Innovators . New York: Quill, 1993 Haskins, J. One More River To Cross . New York: Scholastic, 1992