Metric System

Types of Measurements Length-measure of distance Measured with a meter stick or ruler Volume-measure of how much space an object takes up Measured with a graduated cylinder, by water displacement, or by equation cube volume=length X width X height (LXWXH) Mass-technically a measure of matter, but here on Earth it is the same thing as weight Measured with a triple-beam-balance

Metric System The metric system is based on a base unit for each measurement Length = meter Volume = liter Mass(Weight) = gram Temperature = Celsius Time = seconds Prefixes plus base units make up the metric system Example: Centi + meter = Centimeter

Metric System The three prefixes that we will use the most are: kilo centi milli kilo hecto deka Base Units meter gram liter deci centi milli

Metric System These prefixes are based on powers of 10. From each “step” is either: 10 times larger or 10 times smaller kilo hecto deca Base Units meter gram liter deci centi milli

Why 10 times larger? Units that are 10 times larger or smaller are easier to convert. 1 centimeter = 10 millimeters 40 41 1 mm 40 41 1 cm

Metric System For each “step” to right, you are multiplying by 10 1 liter = 10 deciliters = 100 centiliters 2 grams = 20 decigrams = 200 centigrams ( 1 x 10 = 10) = (10 x 10 = 100) (2 x 10 = 20) = (20 x 10 = 200) kilo hecto deca meter liter gram deci centi milli

Metric System An easy way to move within the metric system is by moving the decimal point one place for each “step” 1 meter = 10 decimeters = 100 centimeters or 1.00 meter = 10.0 decimeters = 100. centimeters kilo hecto deca meter liter gram deci centi milli

Metric System Now let’s try from meters to kilometers: 1600 meters = 160 decameters 16 hectometers 1.6 kilometers kilo hecto deca meter liter gram deci centi milli

Metric System If you move to the left in the diagram, move the decimal to the left If you move to the right in the diagram, move the decimal to the right kilo hecto deca meter liter gram deci centi milli

Clicker Question How many milliliters are in a 2 liter bottle of soda? 0.002 200 2000 20 kilo hecto deca meter liter gram deci centi milli

Clicker Question How many kilometers do they run in a 1600 meter relay? 160,000 160 16 1.6 kilo hecto deca meter liter gram deci centi milli

Temperature Celsius Scale is based on water The freezing point of water is 0OC The boiling point of water is 100OC

Temperature Conversion The equations to convert between Fahrenheit and Celsius are: °F = (1.8 x °C) +32 °C = (°F-32) x 0.555

Example If it is 80°F outside, what is the temperature in °C? °C = (°F-32) x 0.555 °C = (80-32) x 0.555 °C = (48) x 0.555 °C = 26.6

Clicker Question If a substance is 80°C, what is the temperature in °F? °F = (1.8 x °C) +32 °F = (1.8 X 80) + 32 °F = (144) + 32 °F = 176 114 176 4608 112

Density Density is calculated by dividing the mass of an object by the volume. Density = Mass/Volume For example 1mL of water has a mass of 1g. Density = 1g/1mL Density = 1g/mL Objects with a density less than 1g/mL will float in water and objects with a density greater than 1g/mL will sink in water

Clicker Question 0.8 g/mL 12.5 g/mL 90 g/mL Impossible to Calculate What is the density of a box with a mass of 40 g and a volume of 50 mL D = mass/volume D = 40g / 50 mL D = 0.8 g/mL 0.8 g/mL 12.5 g/mL 90 g/mL Impossible to Calculate

Clicker Question g m L kg What units would you use to measure the mass of your neighbor? g m L kg

Clicker Question m g km cm What units would you use to measure the length of your pencil? m g km cm