Ch. 1 Causes for Exploration of the New World( ) By Matthew Pippin

Series of wars fought in the Middle Ages by Christians to conquer the Holy land from the Muslims Crusades

European period of renewed interest in the sciences, art, and literature. Renaissance

Began the movement to reform the Catholic Church Martin Luther

16 th Century movement resulting in the separation of the Protestant churches from the Roman Catholic Church. Reformation

An explorer representing Spain who set out to find a new route to Asia in 1492 and marked the beginning of European Colonization. Christopher Columbus

Exchange of crops, plants, animals and diseases between Europeans and Native Americans Colombian Exchange

Spanish explorers and soldiers who conquered Native American empires. Conquistadors

Spanish explorer who conquered the Aztecs in Mexico Hernando Cortez

Searched for “Seven Cities of Gold” in present-day southwestern United States. Francisco Coronado

Conquered Incas in Peru with metal-clad soldiers Francisco Pizarro

Searched for gold in the present- day southeastern U.S. and discovered the Mississippi River. Hernando de Soto

Desoto’s path

Searched for “Fountain of Youth” in Florida Juan Ponce de Leon

Ponce de Leon’s travels

Economic policy which favors exports over imports to increase a nation’s gold reserves. Mercantilism

First city founded by Europeans in North America St. Augustine

A private company that sells shares to investors Joint-stock company

Colonial government made of elected representatives House of Burgesses

Large estate farmed by many workers Plantation

People who signed a contract to work for a certain length of time in exchange for passage to the colonies. Indentured servants

Colonial trade routes between the Caribbean, New England, and Africa. Triangular Trade

Agreement that the Pilgrims signed before landing at Plymouth Mayflower Compact

First successful English Colony in present day U.S. James Town

Summary of factors leading to New World Exploration 1. The Crusades increased European desire for Asian spices and cloth 2. Europeans desired new trade routes to Indian and China 3. Navigation skills improved 4. Methods of Warfare improved 5. Leaders desired more land and power 6. People were searching for religious freedom.

First attempt by the English to colonize the new world. Roanoke or also called the Lost Colony

Ch. 2 The Revolutionary and the War of 1812

Act that required the colonist to only trade with Great Britain Navigation Act

Search warrants that gave customs officials the right to search anywhere for illegal goods. Writs of assistance

Conflict between French and British in North America also called the Seven Years War. French and Indian War