Do Now On a sheet of paper name as many body systems as you can. Hint there are 11

Body Systems human-body-sci/human-body/human-body-sci/

Definitions Cell is the smallest Living part of the human body.

Tissue is a group of Similar cells that work together.

Organ is a body part consisting of several kinds of Tissue that do a particular job.

Body System is a group of organs that work together to perform a main body function.

Hemoglobin is as iron- rich protein that helps transport Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in the blood.

Pathogen is a germ that causes a Disease.

Platelet is a particle that that helps the blood Clot.

Artery is a blood vessel that Carries blood away from the heart.

Vein is a blood vessel the Carries blood to the heart.

Capillary is a tiny blood vessel that connects Arteries and Veins.

Lymph is a clear liquid that Surrounds body cells and circulates in the lymph system.

Lymph Node is a structure that filters and destroys Pathogens.

Cartilage is a soft, Connective tissue on the end of come bones.

Ligament is a tough fiber that connects together Bones.

Joint is the point where Two bones meet.

Voluntary Muscle is a muscle a person can Control.

Involuntary Muscle is a muscle that functions without a person’s Control.

Tendon is a tough tissue that attaches Muscles to bones.

Metabolism is the rate at which food is converted into energy in body cells.

Digestion is the process by which food is changed so that is can be Absorbed by the body’s cells.

Nervous System Carries messages to and from the brain and spinal cord and all other parts of the body Main Parts: – Central Nervous System: Brain Spinal Cord – Peripheral Nervous System: Consists of all nerves that branch out from central nervous system to muscles, skin, internal organs, and glands

Central Nervous System Brain: – Control center of the body – Weighs about 3 lbs – Can store more information than all libraries in the world – Creates ideas, controls thinking, reasoning, movement, and emotions

Cerebellum: controls and coordinates muscle activity. Helps maintain balance Brain Stem: Controls functions of internal organs Cerebrum: controls ability to think, memorize, and learn. Determines personality and intelligence

Spinal Cord: – Thick column of nerve cells that extends from the brain through spinal column. – Carries messages to and from your brain and body Central Nervous System

Cardiovascular System Transports nutrients, gases, hormones, and cellular waste products throughout body. Main Parts: – Blood – Blood Vessels – Heart

Blood Carries nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and cellular waste products to and from cells Plasma: – Liquid component (95% water) Red Blood Cell: – Transports oxygen to body cells and removes carbon dioxide Hemoglobin: – Iron-rich protein that helps transport oxygen and carbon dioxide White Blood Cell: – Attacks, surrounds, and destroys pathogens Pathogen: – Germ that causes disease Platelet: – Particle that helps blood clot

Blood Vessels Artery: – Carries blood away from heart Vein: – Returns blood to heart Capillary: – Tiny vessel that connects arteries and veins – Have thin walls that allow for transfer of nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and cellular waste to and from blood and body cells

Atrium: upper two chambers Ventricle: lower two chambers

Immune System Removes harmful organisms from the blood and combats pathogens Main parts: – Lymph: Clear liquid that surrounds body cells Carries harmful pathogens to nodes – Lymph Node: Structure that filters and destroys pathogens – Spleen: Organ on left side of abdomen that filters foreign matter from blood and lymph – Lymph vessels – Tonsils – thymus

Respiratory System Provides body cells with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide that cells produce as waste Main Parts: – Pharynx: throat – Trachea: tube air moves to lungs – Cilia: hair-like structures that remove dust from air – Bronchi: 2 tubes through which air moves to lungs – Lungs: main organs – Bronchioles: smaller tubes divided into alveoli – Alveoli: Tiny air sacs

Skeletal System Serves as a support framework, protects vital organs, works with muscles to produce movement, and produces blood cells 206 bones in adults Cartilage: – soft, connective tissue on end of some bones – Acts as cushion where bones meet Ligament: – Tough fibers that connect bones together Joint: – point where 2 bones meet

Muscular System Consists of muscles that provide motion and maintain posture More than 600 in body Types: – Voluntary (can control) – Involuntary (without thought) Muscle Tissue Types: – Smooth (internal organs) – Skeletal (attached to bone) – Cardiac (in heart) Tendon: Attaches muscles to bone

Endocrine System Consists of glands that control many of the body’s activities by producing hormones Hormone: – Chemical messenger that is released directly into bloodstream

Digestive System Breaks down food into nutrients that can be used by the body Main Parts: – Mouth (break food into small pieces) – Esophagus (connects mouth to stomach) – Stomach (releases acid and juices that mix with food and make chyme) – Small Intestine (greatest amount of digestion and absorption) – Liver (releases bile to break down fats, maintain blood sugar level, and filter waste – Pancreas (produces digestive enzymes and insulin) – Large Intestine (undigested food prepared for elimination)

Urinary System Removes liquid waste from the body and maintains body’s water balance Main organs: – Kidneys (filters blood and excretes waste and excess water in urine) – Ureters (connects kidneys to bladder) – Bladder (muscular sac that stores urine) – Urethra (connects bladder to outside of body)

Integumentary System Covers and protects the body Main parts: – Skin – Glands associated with skin, hair, and nails