ART AND ARCHITECTURE OF THE MIDDLE AGES. ROMANESQUE STYLE Truly began c. 1000 Sprang up all over western Europe at the same time…regional differences.

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Presentation transcript:

ART AND ARCHITECTURE OF THE MIDDLE AGES

ROMANESQUE STYLE Truly began c Sprang up all over western Europe at the same time…regional differences in style Reflected the triumph of Christianity everywhere in Europe Growing spirit of religious enthusiasm Increased pilgrimage traffic to sacred sites Revival of trade, commerce and manufacturing Growth of city life

The Romanesque arch

Church plans and parts

Nave of the cathedral in Pisa

How did they build the arches and vaults? Wooden centering allowed the masons to install the voussoirs and key stone, then take it down and move on to the next arch

ELEMENTS OF ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE Ste. Madeleine, Vézelay round, roman arches square squatty towers dark interiors scary sculpture

The Last Judgment…tympanum of Cathedral of St. Lazare, Autun

Other examples of Romanesque style… Speyer Cathedral Germany Begun 1080

Italian Romanesque…Pisa

GOTHIC STYLE Began about 1150 in the Île de France Most often applied to architecture The age of great cathedrals By 1400, regional differences gave way to a homogeneous “International Gothic” style

What are the elements of a Gothic cathedral? Soaring spaces Flying buttresses Pointed arches Stained glass windows Sculpture that told stories Oriented on an East/West axis Generally cruciform in shape

The Gothic arch

Flying Buttresses…held up the walls… Buttresses at Chartres

Chartres

GARGOYLES…THE HOLY TERRORS… What was their purpose??

Great Gothic Cathedrals…

Notre Dame, Paris…begun 1163

West façade, Nôtre Dame

Reims Cathedral c …French kings were crowned here

The golden age of stained glass

One of the great rose windows…and famous Chartres blue

Modern example of a rose window at St. John the Divine, NYC

St. Patrick’s Cathedral Fifth Avenue New York City James Renwick Case, architect