Good Morning! Quiz on Sections 1 & 2! After your quiz, pick up a crossword puzzle and the notes for today

Chapter 22, Section 3 “The Enlightenment Spreads”

I.A World of Ideas A. Salons 1. social gathering of intellectuals and artists, like those held in the homes of wealthy women in European cities during the Enlightenment B. Diderot’s Encyclopedia 1. Denis Diderot a. created large set of books to which many scholars of Europe contributed articles and essays 1. Articles angered gov’t & Church 2. banned, but Diderot published anyway 3. helped to spread Enlightenment ideas 4. ideas also spread through newspapers, pamphlets, and songs Denis Diderot

II.New Artistic Styles A. Neoclassical Style Emerges 1. baroque a. relating to a grand, ornate style that characterized European painting, music, and architecture 2. neoclassical a. Simple, elegant style that characterized the arts in Europe during the late 1700s B. Changes in Music and Literature 1. classical music a. Haydn, Mozart, & Beethoven 2. novels a. carefully crafted plots, suspense, & feelings BeethovenMozart

Baroque

Neoclassical

III.Enlightenment and Monarchy A. Enlightenment Despots 1. monarchs who embraced new ideas and made reforms that reflected the Enlightenment B. Frederick the Great 1. King of Prussia from 1740 – religious freedom, reduced censorship, & improved educ. 3. never tried to change existing social order C. Joseph II 1. ruled Austria from 1780 – legal reforms, freedom of press, & freedom of worship 3. abolished serfdom; ordered peasants be paid with cash Joseph II

D. Catherine the Great 1. ruled Russia from 1762 – formed commission to review Russia’s laws a. never accomplished any goals 3. put in place limited reforms, but little to help peasants 4. put down serf rebellion a. convinced she needed support of nobility b. gave nobles absolute power over serfs c. serfs lost their last traces of freedom E. Catherine Expands Russia 1. won control of northern shore of Black Sea 2. expanded into Poland Catherine the Great

Old IdeaNew Idea Scientific MethodScholars generally relied on ancient authorities, church teachings, common sense, & reasoning to explain the physical world Scholars start using observation, experimentation, & scientific reasoning to gather knowledge & draw conclusions about the physical world The Right to GovernA monarch’s rule is justified by divine right A govt’s power comes from the consent of the governed Relationship Between Ruler and State The state & it’s citizens exist to serve the monarch (As Louise XIV reportedly said “I am the state”) The monarch exists to serve the state and support citizens’ welfare. (As Frederick the Great said, a ruler is only “the first servant of the state”) Colonial Attachment to BritainAmerican colonists considered themselves to be subjects of the British king After a long train of perceived abuses by the king, the colonists asserted their right to declare independence Changing Ideas in the Enlightenment

Daily Essential Questions 1.What was neoclassical art? 2.Why were several rulers in 18 th century Europe known as enlightenment despots?

Old IdeaNew Idea Scientific MethodScholars generally relied on _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ to explain the physical world Scholars start using ________ _________________________ _________________________ ________to gather knowledge & draw conclusions about the physical world The Right to GovernA monarch’s rule __________ ________________________ A govt’s power comes from _________________________ _________________________ Relationship Between Ruler and State _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ (As Louise XIV reportedly said “I am the state”) _________________________ _________________________ _____________. (As Frederick the Great said, a ruler is only “the first servant of the state”) Colonial Attachment to BritainAmerican colonists considered themselves to be _________________________ ________________________ After a long train of perceived abuses by the king, the colonists _________________ _________________________ Changing Ideas in the Enlightenment