ICT for Efficient Railway Infrastructure R K Bahuguna Director/RailTel 08/01/2010 IRSE Seminar on Role of Modern Signalling, Telecom & ICT Systems in Making IR a World Class Rail Network

What is the role that ICT can play in modernisation and upgradation of railways? What are the key ICT requirements? What are some of the more interesting technologies and approaches? What are key applications?

ICT Verticals Train operation Commercial Passenger Informatin Asset Management – Track, Land, Bldgs & Structures, Power, Signalling – Locos, Coaches, Wagons Administrative – ERP Solutions – HR, Accounts, Administration, Pension – Projects, MIS, Stores, Procurement

Role which ICT can play in railways Increase in operational flexibility Improve asset utilization – Availability Raise effective capacity Cost savings Increased visibility Improve customer satisfaction Integration of dispersed elements Infrastructure, Operations, rolling stock, safety, energy etc Informed decision making Customer Centric Organisation – Right information at right time and at right place 4

Communication Infrastructure Requirement Train Operation / Control – ETCS, GSM-R, TPWS, e-charting, Data Loggers Operation Support System – CTC, TMS, FOIS etc Commercial application – e-Ticketing, PRS, UTS, Freight Passenger Information System – SIMRAN, Auto Announcement, Train Indicator Boards, Coach Guidance Systems, Enquiry Data Network –Railnet, MIS, RailTel’s MPLS VPN Data Centers Administrative Needs – Digital Exchanges, NGN

Components OFC based Digital data communications Radio/ satellite based Asset tracking & monotoring system GPS/ radio based Train location system On Board Train Control system Sensors – Track, Rolling Stock, gates - health monitoring, Intelligent analysis Tactical and strategic traffic planners Holistic Security systems 6

Integrated ICT Infrastructure for IR Physical Communication Infrastructure – OFC cable connecting activity centers km available, 50,000 km by 2012 – Most of major stns, yards, control centers, maintenance depots, Admin offices are on OFC n/w – Total 7000 stns - Approx 100 A category, 400 B category dealing with 80% of traffic and balance C & D category stns. – Physical access n/w on OFC to key activity centers and wi- max for other distributed applications is needed. – Tower available (approx 1000 nos) at most imp stns and shall be needed elsewhere. – Shall bring in all Engg & operational staff in the n/w for creating and accessing data/voice – Shall lease capacity in interim period where Rlys n/w is taking time Can be developed by IR/RailTel with it’s own resources

Optical Fiber cable –OFC laid RKM & Commissioned RKM Backbone Layer –STM 16 based backbone network covering about RKM (with Multiple rings on common section of RKM) –DWDM implemented in RKM Total PoPs -- Major Cities: Minor Towns/Cities: 2950 Present OFC Network of RailTel

RAILWAY STATION RailTel Core Fiber Network Access N/W in station/yard area on WiMax WiMax Network Connecting nearby area within radius of 5 KM AEN/PWI Yard master

Integrated Data N/W & Storage Data centers at 5 distributed cities and 1 DR Application specific servers Admin servers for batch processing in Rly Hqs GIS/GPS based Rly Asset Information Layerd N/W Architecture – MPLS Router based 3 layers Core, Edge & Access – Secured exclusive N/W for Rly applications

ASM Terminal TMS CONTROL CENTRE, BCT Indicators VDUs Optical Fibre Network TMS: Centralised Operation of Passenger Information System PA SYSTEM

Information at Railway Stations Display Boards Coolie Enquiry ->

Reliable Passenger Information? Uncertainties in train operation – Large and Widely Spread Railway Network – Different Type and Class of Trains to Varied Destinations – Local and social problems Different class of people Scarcity of reserved Accomodation Information is Important – before reaching station – at station – during train journey – On arrival Possible through Centralised Information Dissemination System

Train Safety Station Areas reasonably protected through vehicle detection and interlocking to guard against Human Error Station Managers are Stationary & in communication with control Block Sections are also covered Loco’s/Trains Need means of Communication and safety equipment to guard against human error Driver being mobile, reliable communication is challenge GSM-R for Loco to control communication On Board Safety System- AWS Train Protection and Warning System Anti Collision Device. Disaster management System.

Security at Railway Stations and Trains Important in the interest of National Security Integrated IP based Surveillance System – Networked IP Cameras linked to security control room – Baggage Scanning Machines – Metal/mm wave doors/detectors Centralised data storage & processing – 24X7 monitoring – Identification of unusual objects & movements – Automated information and escalation to concerned agencies as planned – Preventive action before incident!

Railways use GIS in their Organisation for Infra Mgmt & Maint plg – Engg track, bridges, tunnels & yards – Electric Power Distribution N/W – Signalling installations & comm N/W – Real state Mgmt – Maintenance of locos & other rolling stock – depot management – Shipment & Asset tracking – Planning for replacement, works in progress, sensitive spots – Natural terrain, site conditions Railway Asset management

Way side Station Accident Site Disaster Management Center provided with GIS Terminals Nearest Local DM center/ Village Panchayat / Hospital etc GSM-R/ OFC GSM/ DOT

DM

· Central Train Control System with real time displays – Signalling & Operations · Wayside equipment/ element sensors.. Reliable communication back haul and access links · On Board Safety sensors – Speed, location, direction, temperature, vibrations, surveillance. · Computerised Brakes. Passenger Interfaces – Web, Phone, SMS · Track maintenance/ overhauling scheduling system. Track based infrastructure health monitoring system. Rolling Stock Health Monitoring system.. Train, locomotive, Coach/ Wagon and crew scheduling systems – Maintenance, Overhauling, service allocation · Emergency notification systems. Ticketing/ Indenting system – PRS… · Passenger Information Systems. FOIS. Back end support systems – Procurement, scheduled replacement, integrated logistics 20 Modules for Integrated Railway Management System

Data Centre Asset Management Data Centers 5 Places Trackside Fibre Network (50000 Rkms) Health Monitoring HRMS Train Tracking Level Crossing Monitoring Railway Services Crew Management Matl mgmt PRS/ UTS Train Tracking Railways Control Center RailTel IP Backbone Mobile Ticketing Comml Services WiMAX

Indian Railway Portal - Architecture Legacy Networks PRS, FOIS.. MISERPCRM Claims Mgmt Call Centers MIS Internet Res. Portal E-ProcurementPassenger Info systems TMS, Train Tracking system, Interoperability Framework Networking & Communication Channels for delivery Internal Agencies External Agencies Customer Care Centers, Customer Service Delivery Counters

May be done by Railways/RailTel in partnership with third party content developer. To be done by RailTel Training and Updating Skills - Railway Knowledge Network

CORE Network Layer linking CTI on STM-4 (625 Mbps) Aggregation Network linking each Zone on 100 Mbps LAN 10/100 RailTel MPLS CORE Network NEW DELHI KOLKATA SECUNDERABAD VADODARA LUCKNOW PUNE JAMALPUR RAILWAY KNOWLEDGE NETWORK CONNECTING CENTRAL TRAINING INSTITUTIONS & OTHER ZONAL TRG CENTERS and RAILWAY COLLEGES NASHIK

By using integrated ICT Infrastructure & suitable algorithm on railways, we can have real time traffic management: – Integrate all aspects of Train Traffic Management – Improve both safety and security – Raise effective capacity – Improve asset utilization – Availability – Measure and control costs – Reduce energy consumption and emissions – Increase economic viability and profits. – Improve customer satisfaction – CRM, Help Lines – “Manage the unexpected” 25 Summery

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SIMRAN : Train Information System Technology Mission for Railway Safety (TMRS)” one of the project selected was “Satellite Imaging for Rail Navigation (SIMRAN)”. Purpose of the project is to standardize the GPS/GSM technology for tracking of trains and to disseminate the train running information to the passengers through Internet, SMS on Mobile phones, Call Centers, IVRS and through Train Indication Boards at the Railway Stations. Use by Operators to schedule train operations, by maintainers to schedule maintenance blocks. GIS based display at SM’s/ Control panel to exactly know train location. GIS based Centralised Train Operation and Information system

SIMRAN..

Equipment Element sensors (either on board or on ground) detect anomalies of Infrastructure/ rolling stock components Information is transmitted to Controllers/ crews/ Maintainers for immediate action or logging for unscheduled maintenance Conditions detected include: Degraded Signalling elements, Track defects, Bridge/ culvert inconsistencies, overheated bearings and wheels, deteriorating bearings, cracked and flat wheels, derailed wheels, excessive coach/ wagon hunting, dragging equipment, excessive lateral and vertical loads, LC Gates obstructed/ blocked, OHE snapped etc. Vehicle-mounted sensors to detect various defects of ground based assets: like: Rail flaws, broken rail, misaligned track, corrugated track, and excessive rail stress could be detected GPS, DGPS or OFC based RFID sensors can determine location of defects and conditions Data can be transmitted over data link to control center and maintenance depots. Improves reliability, availability, and utilization rate of locomotives. 29 Onboard & wayside equipment sensors