Unit Five Review: Agriculture Commercial vs. Subsistence Origins of Agriculture Agriculture in LDCs Agriculture Economics Agriculture in MDCs ? 100 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500 500 500

Origins of Agriculture – 100 Question: What is the deliberate modification of Earth’s surface through cultivation of plants and rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain? Answer: Agriculture Return

Origins of Agriculture – 200 Question: How did all humans probably obtain the food they needed for survival before the invention of agriculture? Answer: Hunting and Gathering Return

Origins of Agriculture – 300 Question: Which type of cultivation is practiced by most farmers today? Answer: Seed Agriculture Return

Origins of Agriculture – 400 Question: What is the green area on the map known as and why? Answer: The Fertile Crescent, The earliest civilizations grew here because of the fertile soil along its rivers and the Mediterranean Sea. Return

Origins of Agriculture – 500 Question: List two distinctly different reasons why it is believed that vegetative planting originated in Southeast Asia. Answer: The region’s diversity of climate and topography encouraged plants suitable for dividing. Also, the people obtained food primarily by fishing rather than by hunting and gathering, so they may have been more sedentary and therefore able to devote more attention to growing plants. Return

Commercial vs. Subsistence – 100 Question: A higher percentage of workers engage in agriculture in which type of country? Answer: Less Developed Countries (LDCs) Return

Commercial vs. Subsistence – 200 Question: What does this map tell you about the number of farmers in the darkest red countries and why? Answer: There are fewer farmers because machines can do more work reducing the need for laborers. Return

Commercial vs. Subsistence – 300 Question: Production of food primarily for consumption by the farmer’s family. Answer: Subsistence Agriculture Return

Commercial vs. Subsistence – 400 Question: What percentage of the United States’ laborers are farmers? Answer: 2 percent Return

Commercial vs. Subsistence – 500 Question: Name four of the five principal features that distinguish commercial from subsistence agriculture. Answer: purpose of farming percentage of farmers in the labor force use of machinery farm size relationship of farming to other businesses Return

Agriculture in LDCs – 100 Question: What does fallow mean? Answer: When farmers grow crops on a clear field for only a few years until the soil nutrients are depleted. Return

Intensive Subsistence Agriculture Agriculture in LDCs – 200 Question: The term applied to agriculture where farmers must work a great deal more to subsist on a small parcel of land, using all available space. Answer: Intensive Subsistence Agriculture Return

Agriculture in LDCs – 300 Question: What is swidden? Answer: The area of land that farmers clear for planting by slashing vegetation and burning the debris. Return

Agriculture in LDCs – 400 Question: Inaccurate name given by Europeans and North Americans to the flooded field in which wet rice is planted. Answer: Paddy Return

Agriculture in LDCs – 500 Question: The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pasture areas. Answer: Transhumance Return

Agriculture Economics – 100 Question: Found in more developed countries; production of food primarily for sale off the farm. Answer: Commercial Agriculture Return

Agriculture Economics – 200 Question: A system of big business commercial farming found in the United States and other relatively developed countries. Answer: Agribusiness Return

Agriculture Economics – 300 Question: Process in semiarid regions where human actions are causing land to deteriorate to a desert-like condition. Answer: Desertification Return

Agriculture Economics – 400 Question: List two major reasons why commercial agriculture is facing overproduction today. Answer: A dramatic increase in the capacity of the land to produce food. The market for most products is already saturated. Low population growth in more developed countries. Return

Agriculture Economics – 500 Question: When addressing Von Thunen’s model, what two major costs must be taken into account? Answer: Cost of land and transportation Return

Agriculture in MDCs – 100 Question: The ring surrounding a city from which dairy products can be supplied without spoiling. Answer: Milkshed Return

Agriculture in MDCs – 200 Question: Commercial grazing of livestock over an extensive area. Answer: Livestock Ranching Return

Agriculture in MDCs – 300 Question: What is a plantation? Answer: A large farm that specializes in one or two crops. Plantations are usually owned by people in more developed countries, but placed in less developed countries. Return

Mediterranean Agriculture Agriculture in MDCs – 400 Question: A form of agriculture that takes place where sea winds provide moisture for the crops, and with moderate winter temperatures. Also, this form of agriculture takes place in hilly, mountainous regions. The two primary cash crops in this form of agriculture are olives and grapes. Answer: Mediterranean Agriculture Return

Truck Farming or Market Gardening Agriculture in MDCs – 500 Question: Commercial gardening and fruit farming taking its name from its original meaning, to barter. Answer: Truck Farming or Market Gardening Return

? – 100 Question: The invention and rapid diffusion of more productive agricultural techniques during the 1970s and 1980s. Answer: Green Revolution Return

? – 200 Question: A form of agriculture based on herding domesticated animals and practiced widely in northern Africa. Answer: Pastoral Nomadism Return

? – 300 Question: The growing of fruits, vegetables, and flowers. Answer: Horticulture Return

? – 400 Question: The first person to observe that rapidly increasing population will cause overpopulation and not enough resources for all of the people. Answer: Thomas Malthus Return

? – 500 Question: Explain the Boserup Thesis. Answer: Population increase necessitates increased inputs of labor and technology to compensate for reductions in the natural yields of swidden farming. Return