The English Reformation and Catholic Counter Reformation

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Presentation transcript:

The English Reformation and Catholic Counter Reformation Chapter 1 section 4

English Reformation Henry VIII “Defender of the Faith”- resisted the Protestant revolt 1527 wanted his marriage annulled and the pope refused.

1. Took over the English church through the Act of Supremacy iii. 1536-1540: Henry VIII seized the lands and the wealth of English convents & monasteries.

1. granted some to nobles and high-ranking citizens securing their support for the Anglican Church.

II. Catholic Counter Reformation a. Leader- Pope Paul III Calls the Council of Trent in 1545 1. Reaffirmed traditional Catholic views a. Salvation comes through faith and good works. b. The Bible is a major source of religious truth, but not the only source.

2. Ended abuses in the Church. a 2. Ended abuses in the Church. a. Stiff penalties for worldliness and corruption among clergy. 3. Established schools to create a better-educate clergy who challenged Protestant teachings.

ii. The Inquisition 1. Church court set up during the Middle Ages. 2. Goal: bring people back to the faith 3. Used secret testimony, torture, and execution to root out heresy. 4. Prepared the Index of Forbidden Books.

iii. Society of Jesus (Jesuits) a. too immoral or irreligious for Catholics b. Books by Luther & Calvin. iii. Society of Jesus (Jesuits) 1. brought back the Catholic faith to Africa and the Americas 2. educated natives

Iv. Did it succeed? Reforms slowed the Protestants Returned some areas to Catholic Church Europe remained divided into Protestant North and Catholic South.

III. Persecution Catholics and Protestants intolerant of one another Witch hunts 1450-1750 thousands of women and men died. Why? People saw link between magic and heresy. Scapegoats- ex. Midwife blamed for an infant death Where? German states, Switzerland, France, and all centers of religious conflict.

Jews 1516 Venice ordered Jews to live in the ghetto refused to convert; Luther calls for their expulsion from Christian Lands & synagogues and books to be burned some German princes did expel Jews; others forced them to live in ghettos and wear a yellow badge when traveling 1550s many Jews migrated to Poland-Lithuania and parts of the Ottoman Empire