BIOMETRICS Presented By Rickie Jackson

 Outline –Introduction –Biometrics techniques –Strengths, and weaknesses –FAR/FRR –Major Players –Summary

What Is Biometrics Biometrics is the reading of a unique human physical attribute as data, which is then applied to actuating a system.  Access control of Secure areas  Replacing passwords on computers or PDAs

Biometrics Techniques  Retina scanning  Iris scanning  Fingerprint scanning  Hand scanning  Face recognition  Voice recognition & DSV  Signature recognition  Keystroke recognition

Retinal Scanning User Looks Into a Viewer and Focuses on a Point; Infrared Light Scans Retina Iris Scanning User looks at a camera (distance from camera increasing rapidly to 2-3 feet)

Finger Scanning User Places Finger on Scanning Device

Hand Scanning User Places Hand on Device

Facial Recognition User Looks at Camera

User speaks into a microphone or other device, such as a telephone handset Signature Recognition Keystroke Recognition User signs name on a device User types standard sample on keyboard Voice Recognition & DSV Other Techniques

Strengths, and Weakness Retina Iris Fingerprint Hand/Finger Geometry Face Recognition Voice Recognition Signature Recognition Keystroke Recognition

TechniqueStrengths RetinaHighly accurate IrisHighly accurate; works with eyeglasses; more acceptable to users than retina scan FingerprintMature technology; highly accurate; low cost; small size, becoming widely acceptable Hand/Finger Geometryaccurate and flexible; widely acceptable to users Face RecognitionWidely acceptable to users; low cost; no direct contact; passive monitoring possible Voice RecognitionUsable over existing telephone system; good for remote access and monitoring; Signature RecognitionWidely acceptable to users Keystroke RecognitionWidely acceptable to users; low cost; uses existing hardware

TechniqueWeaknesses RetinaInconvenient for persons with eyeglasses; dislike contact with device and light beam IrisNew technology, cost, although this is rapidly changing FingerprintUsers can create high FRR; some persons dislike contact with device Hand/Finger GeometryUser interface is bulky; dislike contact with device Face RecognitionFace recognition is less accurate than other methods Voice RecognitionLess accuracy; subject to background noise Signature RecognitionLess accuracy; not widely used yet, but has potential with PDAs Keystroke RecognitionLess accuracy;

FAR & FRR FAR(False Acceptance rate) – refers to how often the system accepts someone it should reject AND FRR(False Rejection Rate) is how often the system rejects someone it shouldn’t.

FAR Accept wrong person FRR Reject the correct person High Security Level Low Relation of FAR and FRR

Major Players  Computer access  Physical access  Handheld devices  Military/Govt. Agencies/DOD  Financial services  Hospitals  Telecommunication

Summary  As biometric technology advances, the cost of systems will decrease.  At the same time, biometrics systems will become increasingly sophisticated and accurate.  Scientist will physical and behavioral traits will increase the usefulness of biometrics.  The general public will gradually come to accept biometric system.

References Fuller, Scott and Pagan, Kevin Intranet Firewalls “Planning and Implementing Your Network Security System.” Ventana Communications Group, Inc. Conry-Murray, Andrew. Network Magazine. Oct. 1, p28 Securing End Users from Attack. McCollum, T. Security concerns prompt new initiatives. The Internal Auditor. Oct Short, Bob. September Getting the 411 on Biometrics. Security Magazine. p48. Tocci, Salvatore High-Tech IDs: From Finger Scans To Voice Patterns. Grolier Publishing Mitnick, Kevin & Simon, William L. The Art of Deception: Controlling the Human Element of Security. Library Journal.