1. Margaret Brown 3rd period October 14, 2007
Hand Biometrics
Margaret Brown
3rd period
October 14, 2007

2. History of Biometrics
Biometrics were first used in China in the 14th century to distinguish small children. Their palm and hand prints were taken.
In the 1800’s the Bertillion System was used until William and Willy West had similar measurements, but different finger prints. After this incident, the Bertillion Method was not used and they decided to use fingerprints instead.

3. History of Biometrics cont.
Today, biometrics are used all over the world with ten different methods. Biometrics are becoming more popular and the prices continue to decrease.

4. Uniqueness of Hand Biometrics
Every one has a different shaped hand
After you get to be a certain age your hand size doesn’t change significantly.
Its is not good in one-to-many comparisons

5. Comparison of Different Biometrics
All biometric techniques are good for verification, but only fingerprinting, iris and retinal scanning and DNA is good for identification.
Fingerprinting, Iris and Retinal Scanning, and DNA are the most accurate, followed by Hand geometry, Facial Recognition, Speaker Recognition, Signature Recognition and finally Keystroke recognition.
Fingerprinting, iris and retinal scanning and DNA are the most reliable.

6. Comparison cont.
Hand geometry and facial recognition have medium reliability and keystroke, signature and voice have low reliability.

7. Collectibility of Hand Biometrics
Hand prints are hard to collect
Unless ink or some kind of dye has been put on the hand, hand prints are hard to find and need tools to find them.

8. Performance of Hand Biometrics
The performance of hand biometrics is acceptable.
The rate of error for hand geometry is about 1 in 500
Some things that could weaken its performance are hand injury and age.

9. Universality of Hand Biometrics
Even if someone is missing a finger, they can still use hand biometrics
All you need is a hand to scan
Used since the 1980’s in hundreds of places all over the world

10. Permanence of Hand Biometrics
Once a person hits a certain age, there hand doesn’t grow much more
Hand Biometrics does not have the same degree of permanence as other biometrics

11. Acceptability of Hand Biometrics
Hand Biometrics is one of the most common forms
User friendly
Requires least amount of data
Easily integrated into an existing system

12. Circumvention of Hand Biometrics
Hand Biometrics has a medium Circumvention rate
Hand sizes could be similar to each other and outsmart the system
Used more for verification that identification

13. Biometric identifier
Universality
Distinctiveness
Permanence
Collect ability
Performance
Acceptability
Circumvention
DNA H L
Ear M
Face
Facial thermo gram
Fingerprint
Gait
Hand geometry
Hand vein
Iris
Keystroke
Odor
Palm print
Retina
Signature
Voice

14. Application of Hand Biometrics
The 1996 Olympic Games where access to and from the Olympic Village was controlled.
Colombian legislature
San Francisco International Airport
Child day care centers use hand geometry systems to verify the identity of parents.   Lotus Development and New Mexico Elementary schools are examples of this.
Hospitals use hand geometry systems to monitor payroll accuracy and access control.

15. Application of Hand Biometrics
The University of Georgia has used hand geometry systems since 1973 for their student meal programs.
All branches of the United States military.
Over 90 percent of all United States nuclear power plants.
Used to track prisoners.
Used by international banks.

16. Issues and Concerns
Since the hand scanners have to be large enough to fit the entire human hand, the equipment can be bulky
There is a higher level of mistakes in hand recognition than other forms of biometrics

17. Identity Theft and Privacy Issues
Hand Prints are private because no fingerprint or palm print information in stored in the database

18. Videos http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=imlghm4BwWc

19. Biometrics in the Future
Car locks
Replace Passwords
Replace Credit cards
Replace keys
Used in all businesses as security

20. Hand Biometrics in Crime Scene
If a hand print is found, it can be used to as a check against any suspects.
Since it can not be used as for identification, the only way it can really be used is in verifying that the suspect was at the crime scene.