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Systems Design: Job-Order Costing

Job-Order Cost Accounting

The Predetermined Overhead Rate and Capacity

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PowerPoint Authors: Susan Coomer Galbreath, Ph.D., CPA Charles W. Caldwell, D.B.A., CMA Jon A. Booker, Ph.D., CPA, CIA Cynthia J. Rooney, Ph.D., CPA Copyright © 2012 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. The Predetermined Overhead Rate and Capacity Appendix 3A

3A-2 Learning Objective 8 Understand the implications of basing the predetermined overhead rate on activity at capacity rather than on estimated activity for the period.

3A-3 Predetermined Overhead Rate and Capacity Calculating predetermined overhead rates using an estimated, or budgeted amount of the allocation base has been criticized because: 1.Basing the predetermined overhead rate upon budgeted activity results in product costs that fluctuate depending upon the activity levels. 2.Calculating predetermined rates based upon budgeted activity charges products for costs that they do not use. Calculating predetermined overhead rates using an estimated, or budgeted amount of the allocation base has been criticized because: 1.Basing the predetermined overhead rate upon budgeted activity results in product costs that fluctuate depending upon the activity levels. 2.Calculating predetermined rates based upon budgeted activity charges products for costs that they do not use.

3A-4 Capacity-Based Overhead Rates Criticisms can be overcome by using estimated total units in the allocation base at capacity in the denominator of the predetermined overhead rate calculation. Let’s look at the difference!

3A-5 Capacity-Based Overhead Rates: An Example Equipment is leased for $100,000 per year. Running at full capacity, 50,000 units may be produced. The company estimates that 40,000 units will be produced and sold next year. What is the predetermined overhead rate?

3A-6 An Example Equipment is leased for $100,000 per year. Running at full capacity, 50,000 units may be produced. The company estimates that 40,000 units will be produced and sold next year. Traditional Method = $2.50 per unit $100,000 40,000 = Capacity Method = $2.00 per unit $100,000 50,000 =

3A-7 Quick Check Crest Winery in Woodinville leases an automatic corking machine for $100,000 per year. At full capacity, it can cork 50,000 cases of wine per year. The company estimates 40,000 cases of wine will be produced and sold next year. What is the predetermined overhead rate based on the estimated number of cases of wine? a. $2.00 per case. b. $2.50 per case. c. $4.00 per case. Crest Winery in Woodinville leases an automatic corking machine for $100,000 per year. At full capacity, it can cork 50,000 cases of wine per year. The company estimates 40,000 cases of wine will be produced and sold next year. What is the predetermined overhead rate based on the estimated number of cases of wine? a. $2.00 per case. b. $2.50 per case. c. $4.00 per case.

3A-8 Crest Winery in Woodinville leases an automatic corking machine for $100,000 per year. At full capacity, it can cork 50,000 cases of wine per year. The company estimates 40,000 cases of wine will be produced and sold next year. What is the predetermined overhead rate based on the estimated number of cases of wine? a. $2.00 per case. b. $2.50 per case. c. $4.00 per case. Crest Winery in Woodinville leases an automatic corking machine for $100,000 per year. At full capacity, it can cork 50,000 cases of wine per year. The company estimates 40,000 cases of wine will be produced and sold next year. What is the predetermined overhead rate based on the estimated number of cases of wine? a. $2.00 per case. b. $2.50 per case. c. $4.00 per case. Quick Check

3A-9 Quick Check Crest Winery in Woodinville leases an automatic corking machine for $100,000 per year. At full capacity, it can cork 50,000 cases of wine per year. The company estimates 40,000 cases of wine will be produced and sold next year. What is the predetermined overhead rate based on the number of cases of wine at capacity? a. $2.00 per case. b. $2.50 per case. c. $4.00 per case.

3A-10 Crest Winery in Woodinville leases an automatic corking machine for $100,000 per year. At full capacity, it can cork 50,000 cases of wine per year. The company estimates 40,000 cases of wine will be produced and sold next year. What is the predetermined overhead rate based on the number of cases of wine at capacity? a. $2.00 per case. b. $2.50 per case. c. $4.00 per case. Quick Check

3A-11 Quick Check When capacity is used in the denominator of the predetermined rate, what happens to the predetermined overhead rate as estimated activity decreases? a.The predetermined overhead rate goes up when activity goes down. b.The predetermined overhead rate stays the same because it is not affected by changes in activity. c.The predetermined overhead rate goes down when activity goes down. When capacity is used in the denominator of the predetermined rate, what happens to the predetermined overhead rate as estimated activity decreases? a.The predetermined overhead rate goes up when activity goes down. b.The predetermined overhead rate stays the same because it is not affected by changes in activity. c.The predetermined overhead rate goes down when activity goes down.

3A-12 When capacity is used in the denominator of the predetermined rate, what happens to the predetermined overhead rate as estimated activity decreases? a.The predetermined overhead rate goes up when activity goes down. b.The predetermined overhead rate stays the same because it is not affected by changes in activity. c.The predetermined overhead rate goes down when activity goes down. When capacity is used in the denominator of the predetermined rate, what happens to the predetermined overhead rate as estimated activity decreases? a.The predetermined overhead rate goes up when activity goes down. b.The predetermined overhead rate stays the same because it is not affected by changes in activity. c.The predetermined overhead rate goes down when activity goes down. Quick Check

3A-13 Quick Check When estimated activity is used in the denominator of the predetermined rate, what happens to the predetermined overhead rate as estimated activity decreases? a.The predetermined overhead rate goes up when activity goes down. b.The predetermined overhead rate stays the same because it is not affected by changes in activity. c.The predetermined overhead rate goes down when activity goes down.

3A-14 When estimated activity is used in the denominator of the predetermined rate, what happens to the predetermined overhead rate as estimated activity decreases? a.The predetermined overhead rate goes up when activity goes down. b.The predetermined overhead rate stays the same because it is not affected by changes in activity. c.The predetermined overhead rate goes down when activity goes down. Quick Check

3A-15 Income Statement Preparation – Capacity

3A-16 Income Statement Preparation – Traditional