Do Now: Analyze the cartoon below, what does it mean? HW Due Tuesday: Watch “The Story of Electronics” 2 quotes to each lens of ES (Toxicity) Due Friday: Read and take notes on the following E-waste is a new and growing problem (P. 648) Figure Goal: “IWBAT design and conduct a lethal dose toxicity experiment using the organism Lemna minor.”

Agenda  Toxicity Guided Notes  Lethal Dose Curve Experiment

Environmental Health  Environmental factors that affect human health & quality of life 1.Natural factors 2.Anthropogenic (human-caused)

Environmental Hazards Physical: Earthquakes Volcanic Eruptions Fires Floods Blizzards Landslides Hurricanes Floods Physical: Earthquakes Volcanic Eruptions Fires Floods Blizzards Landslides Hurricanes Floods Cultural Result from where we live Poverty Diet Crime Behavioral (smoking, drinking) Cultural Result from where we live Poverty Diet Crime Behavioral (smoking, drinking) Chemical: Synthetic (man- made) chemicals Pesticides Disinfectants Fertilizers Chemical: Synthetic (man- made) chemicals Pesticides Disinfectants Fertilizers Biological: Interactions between organisms Infections Disease (malaria, rabies, cholera, TB, Flu) Biological: Interactions between organisms Infections Disease (malaria, rabies, cholera, TB, Flu)

Synthetic Chemicals  Over 100,000 made  Problems:  Very few actually tested for effects  Make their way into water, soil, air  80% of U.S. streams have at least one of the 82 contaminants on dangerous list  Pesticides, antibiotics, detergents, drugs, steroids, disinfectants, solvents  Most from pesticides for food

DDT(dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane)  Insecticide  Discovered in 1938 during WWII  Banned in U.S. in 1973 when environmentalist Rachel Carson wrote Silent Spring  Banned in U.S. but still produced and shipped to other countries that use it.

DDT

Circle of Poison A Is it ethical to produce DDT and export to other countries?

Toxicology is the study of poisonous substances Toxicity = the degree of harm a toxicant can cause “ The dose makes the poison ” = toxicity depends on the combined effect of the chemical and its quantity Toxicant = any toxic agent

Toxicants Teratogens: Cause harm to embryos in the womb Teratogens: Cause harm to embryos in the womb Mutagens: Cause DNA mutations Mutagens: Cause DNA mutations Carcinogens:: Cause cancer Carcinogens:: Cause cancer

LD 50 Curve

Lethal Dose Curve experiment Purpose: The purpose of the lab is to test the toxicity of different chemicals on the aquatic plant, Lemna minor (duckweed). Hypothesis: Create a hypothesis base don your chosen chemical. If______ then_____. Materials & Methods: Design your experiment

Duckweed