1. Risk, Toxicology, and Human Health Chapter 11
“The dose makes the poison”
Paracelsus, 1540

2. Key Concepts Types of hazards people face Methods of toxicology
Types of measurement of chemical hazards
Types and effects of biological hazards
Risk estimates, management, and reductions

3. Risk and Probability Risk Probability Risk assessment Risk management
Fig p. 229

4. Hazards Cultural hazards Chemical hazards Physical hazards
Biological hazards
Fig p. 228

5. Toxicology Toxicity Dosage Bioaccumulation Biomagnification Synergism
Fig. 11-4
p. 231
Toxicology
Toxicity
Dosage
Bioaccumulation
Biomagnification
Synergism
Response
Acute effect
Chronic effect
Fig. 11-3
p. 230

6. Poisons
Poison
LD50
Median lethal doze
Fig p. 231

7. Dose-Response Curves
Dose-Response
Non-threshold
Threshold

8. Chemical Hazards Hazardous chemicals Mutagens Teratogens Carcinogens
Neurotoxins
Hormonally active agents
Precautionary principle

9. Biological Hazards: Diseases
Nontransmissible disease
Transmissible disease
Pathogens
Vectors
Antibiotic Resistance
Malaria
AIDS
Fig p. 243

10. Risk Analysis Risk analysis Comparative risk analysis
Fig p. 247
Risk analysis
Comparative risk analysis
Cost-benefit analysis
Risk management
Risk perception

11. Risk Analysis Group Activity