DISASTER PREPAREDNESS A KEY ELEMENT OF BECOMING DISASTER RESILIENT Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina,

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Presentation transcript:

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS A KEY ELEMENT OF BECOMING DISASTER RESILIENT Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA

A FOCUS ON SOLVING COMPLEX PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED DURING EVACUATION A PART OF DISASTER PREPAREDNESS

PURPOSE: To show that extraordinary innovation will be needed to solve challenging problems associated with moving people and assets out of harm’s way of the potential disaster agents of eminent natural hazards

CHALLENGING EVACUATION PROBLEMS TIMING AND LOGISTICS THE SAFE HAVEN THE ELDERLY THE VERY YOUNG THE HANDICAPPED THE POOREST OF THE POOR PETS and LIVESTOCK

CHALLENGING EVACUATION PROBLEMS MASS CARE LAW AND ORDER IN A DESERTED CITY TOURISTS PILGRIMS MILITARY ASSETS ENERGY ASSETS

NATURAL HAZARDS FOR WHICH EVACUATION IS TYPICAL FLOODS HURRICANES TYPHOONS TSUNAMIS VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS WILDFIRES HIGH BENEFIT/COST FOR SAVING LIVES, BUT LOW BENEFIT/COST FOR PROTECTING PROPERTY GOAL: MOVE PEOPLE OUT OF HARM’S WAY

DISASTERS OCCUR WHEN--- A COMMUNITY’S PUBLIC POLICIES ALLOW IT TO BE … UN—PREPARED

COMMUNITYCOMMUNITY DATA BASES AND INFORMATION HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS NATURAL HAZARDS INVENTORY VULNERABILITY LOCATION RISK ASSESSMENT RISK ACCEPTABLE RISK UNACCEPTABLE RISK GOAL: DISASTER RESILIENCE PREPAREDNESS PROTECTION EMERGENCY RESPONSE RECOVERY IENCE FOUR PILLARS OF RESILIENCE

GLOBAL GOAL: FROM UN—PREPARED TO A STATE OF PREPAREDNESS FOR ALL CITIES AND ALL NATURAL HAZARDS

EXAMPLES OF THE COMPLEX CHALLENGES FACED IN EVACUATION MOVING PEOPLE AND ASSETS OUT OF HARM’S WAY ON FOOT, BY LAND, BY WATER, OR BY AIR

EVACUATION ASSOCIATED WITH FLOODS

EVACUATIONS TO ESCAPE FLOODING THREAT

SINUIJU, NORTH KOREA: INUNDATION BY ANNOK (YALU ) RIVER: 2010

The Dandong flooding in 2010 was China’s worst flood season in over a decade.

Flooding forced the evacuation of 94,000 people in the north China port city of Dandong, an area near the boundary with North Korea, after heavy rains caused China’s Yalu River to breach its banks.

RIVERS BURST BANKS AND BREACHED DAMS IN CENTRAL EUROPE AFTER WEEKS OF RAIN POLAND, HUNGARY, GERMANY, CZECH REPUBLIC, … MAY – JUNE, 2010

EVACUATING CHILDREN

MASS EVACUATION

SAVING A HORSE

SAVING CATTLE: MAY 17

FLOODING: COCKERMOUTH, UK; NOV. 2009

EACUATION: CUMBRIA AREA

EVACUATION ASSOCIATIED WITH HURRICANES AND TYPHOONS

EACUATING NEW ORLEANS: AUG, 2005 HURRICANE KATRINA SHOWED THAT EVACUATION IS A COMPLEX ENDEAVOR THAT HAS THE POTENTIAL FOR CAUSING A DISASTER ALL BY ITSELF.

HURRICANE RITA: EVACUATING HOUSTON

LESSON LEARNED FROM EVACUATION IN NEW ORLEANS Hurricane Katrina, August 29-30, 2005 Instead of being a safe haven, as envisioned, New Orleans’ Super Dome became a setting for disaster.

EVACUATION: PEMEX OIL AND GAS PLATFORM IN GULF OF MEXICO: AUG 2007

HURRICANE IRENE, AUG. 24, 2011: EVACUATIONS START IN OUTER BANKS

EVACUATION ASSOCIATED WITH TSUNAMIS TIMELY RAPID VERTICAL EVAC- UATION IS THE KEY!

TSUNAMI (JAPAN): ADVANCE WARNING OF MINUTES TOO SHORT FOR AN EFFECTIVE EVACUATION: MARCH 2011

NO WARNING SYSTEM; NO EVACUATION: DECEMBER 26, 2004 Over 200,000 deaths after the December 26, 2004 tsunami.

EVACUATION ASSOCIATED WITH VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS

MOUNT PINATUBO, THE PHILIPPINES: 1991

TOUSANDS EVACUATED AND MILITARY PLANES RELOCATED OUT OF HARM’S WAY

EVACUATION ASSOCIATED WITH WILDFIRES

WILDFIRE: BIG SUR, CA; JULY 4 TH, 2008 t

WILDFIRE: GOLETA, CA AREA By Friday evening, July 4 th, residents of 5,000 homes were ordered to evacuate.

WILDFIRE IN MOUNT HYMETTE (NEAR ATHENS): JULY 16, 2007

WILDFIRE IN GREECE CAUSES MASS EVACUATIONS

FROM POLICY TO BEST PRACTICES IN EVACUATION A city’s policies for evacuation become best practices when people and assets have been moved out of harm’s ways successfully, no matter how complex the problem.

EVACUATION WILL ALWAYS BE A CHALLNGE BE READY FOR COMPLEX PROBLEMS BE CREATIVE AND YOU WILL BE ABLE TO SOLVE THEM BE READY FOR COMPLEX PROBLEMS BE CREATIVE AND YOU WILL BE ABLE TO SOLVE THEM