BIOTECHNICAL SYSTEMS BIOTECHNIAL SYSTEMS ARE TECHNOLOGIES THAT INVOLVE LIVING THINGS.

BIOTECHNOLOGY USING TECHNOLOGY TO PROCESS LIVING THINGS INTO PRODUCTS OR NEW FORMS OF LIFE. YOGURT, CHEESE, BEER, WINE AND BREAD HAVE BEEN MADE FOR THOUSANDS OF YEARS USING BIOTECHNOLOGY.

CHEESE & BREAD IN THE CHEESE-MAKING PROCESS, LIVING BACTERIA MAKE SOUR MILK AND TURN IT INTO CHEESE. BREAD IS MADE THROUGH FERMENTATION. LIVING ORGANISMS FEED ON SUGAR & STARCH, BREAKING THEM DOWN & PRODUCING ALCOHOL & CARBON DIOXIDE GAS.

HEREDITY THE PASSING OF TRAITS FROM ONE GENERATION TO THE NEXT. CAN YOU THINK OF ANY TRAITS THAT YOU GOT FROM YOUR PARENTS? FARMERS USE HEREDITY TO GET THE BEST PLANTS. THEY SAVE THE SEEDS FROM THE BEST PLANTS & USE THOSE AT PLANTING TIME.

CROSSBREEDING CROSSBREEDING COMBINES THE TRAITS FROM ONE PLANT WITH THOSE OF ANOTHER. FOR EXAMPLE, ONE KIND OF WHEAT MAY HAVE LARGE SEED HEADS BUT WEAK STEMS. ANOTHER KIND MAY HAVE STRONG STEMS BUT SMALL SEED HEADS. CROSSBRED THESE PLANTS AND A NEW KIND OF WHEATF WITH STRONG STEMS AND LARGE SEED HEADS MAY BE PRODUCED. CROSSBRED PLANTS OR ANIMALS ARE CALLED HYBRIDS. THEY HAVE THE TRAITS OF BOTH PARENTS.

MODERN BIOTECHNOLOGY THERE ARE THREE DIFFERENT AREAS OF MODERN TECHNOLOGY. GENETIC ENGINEERING NEW FORMS OF LIFE ARE CREATED. BIOPROCESSING TINY LIVING ORGANISMS ARE USED TO PROCESS MATERIALS. ANTIBODY PRODUCTION SUBSTANCES ARE PRODUCED THAT MAY CURE DISEASE.

GENETIC ENGINEERING GENES DETERMINE HOW OUR BODIES LOOK AND WORK. OUR GENES MAKE US SHORT OR TALL, LIGHT SKINNED OR DARK SKINNED, BLUE-EYED OR BROWN-EYED. IN GENETIC ENGINEERING, A GENE IS TAKEN FROM ONE CELL & SPLICED (MOVED) INTO ANOTHER CELL. THE SECOND CELL HAS TRAITS CARRIED BY THE SPLICED GENE.

BIOPROCESSING A MODERN VERSION OF THE ANCIENT FERMENTATION PROCESS. IN BIOPROCESSING LIVING THINGS DO USEFUL WORK. SMALL ORGANISMS FEED ON PLANT & ANIMAL WASTE, GIVING OFF A GAS CALLED METHANE. THIS IS THE SAME GAS WE USE FOR COOKING & HEATING. THIS PROCESS IS CARRIED OUT IN HUGE VATS, CALLED FERMENTORS.

ANTIBODY PRODUCTION ANTIBODIES ARE PROTEINS IN THE BLOOD THAT FIGHT DISEASE. THEY SEEK OUT INVADING DISEASE-CAUSING CELLS & KILL THEM. TO MAKE ANTIBODIES, AN ANTIBODI- PRODUCING CELL IS COMBINED WITH A CELL THAT PRODUCED QUICKLY. THE CELL THAT RESULTS MAKES ANTIBODIES EVERYTIME IT DIVIDES.

RESOURCES FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY PEOPLE INFORMATION MATERIALS TOOLS & MACHINES ENERGY CAPITAL TIME

PEOPLE SCIENTISTS STUDY LiVING THINGS TO LEARN MORE ABOUT THEM & HOW THEY MAY BE USED. THESE PEOPLE MUST BE EDUCATED IN THE FIELDS OF CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY. ENGINEERS DESIGN THE TOOLS NEEDED TO TURN RESEARCH IDEAS INTO LARGE SCALE PRODUCTION. TECHNICIANS RUN EQUIPMENT & HELP THE SCIENTISTS & ENGINEERS IN THEIR WORK. NONTECHNICAL WORKERS SUCH AS MANAGERS, SALESPEOPLE, LAWYERS, & FINANCIAL EXPERTS ARE ALSO NEEDED.

INFORMATION THE MOST IMPORTANT OF ALL RESOURCES IN BIOTECHNOLOGY. NEW DISCOVERIES ARE BEING MADE ALL OF THE TIME. WORKERS MUST KEEP UP WITH THEM. THEY MUST ALSO BRING TO THEIR WORK MUCH KNOWLEDGE ABOUT BIOLOGY & CHEMISTRY.

TOOLS & MACHINES LIVING THINGS ARE OFTEN USED AS TOOLS IN PROCESSING MATERIALS. OTHER BIOTECHNICAL TOOLS INCLUDE LABORATORY EQUIPMENT, COMPUTERS & OTHER ELECTRONIC TOOLS. THESE TOOLS ARE USED TO DO RESEARCH & TO MONITOR BIOTECHNICAL PROCESSES.

ENERGY, CAPITAL & TIME LIVING ORGANISMS GET THE ENERGY THEY NEED TO SURVIVE FROM THE MATERIALS THEY FEED ON. CAPITAL IS USED TO BUY EQUIPMENT & BUILD LABS. SOME CAPITAL COMES FROM INVESTORS. OTHER MONEY COMES FROM GOVERNMENT. IN MOST FACTORIES, PRODUCTS CAN BE MADE IN MINUTES OR HOURS. IN LIVING TINGS, THE PROCESS IS CARRIED OUT WHILE THE ORGANISM IS ALIVE, SOME REASERCH CAN TAKE A GREAT DEAL OF TIME. WE ARE STILL SEARCHING FOR A CURE FOR CANCER.

IMPACTS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY BIOTECHNOLOGY IS USEFUL IN MANY WAYS. oLARGE AMOUNTS OF SUBSTANCES NEEDED FOR HUMAN HEALTH ARE MADE oWASTE MATERIALS ARE REMOVED oWE CAN CHANGE PLANTS & ANIMALS TO MAKE THEM MORE USEFUL oLIFE FORMS CAN BE CHANGED oGENES OF FARM ANIMALS ARE BEING ALTERED SO THAT ANIMALS PRODUCE MORE MEAT oPLANTS ARE BEING ALTERED TO INCREASE THE NUTIRIONAL VALUE OF THEIR FRUIT AND SEEDS

OTHER BIOTECHNICAL SYSTEMS BIOTECHNOLOGY INVOLVES LIVING CELLS. OTHER TECHNOLOGIES SUCH AS AGRICULTURE, FOOD PRODUCTION, AND MEDICINE ALSO INVOLVE LIVING THINGS.

AGRICULTURE THE TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEMS THAT PRODUCE PLANTS & ANIMAL S & PROCESS THEM INTO FOOD, CLOTHING & OTHER PRODUCTS.

HIGH-TECH AGRICULTURE TISSUE CULTURE IS ONE WAY TO PRODUCE NEW & BETTER PLANTS. A PIECE OF KEAF TISSUE IS GROWN IN A TEST TUBE. THE MILLIONS OF NEW CELLS ARE EXPOSED TO MANY DIFFERENT CONDITION, LIKE HEAT OR SALTY SOIL. THE CELLS THAT SURVIVE ARE USED TO GROW NEW PLANTS.

HIGH-TECH AGRICULTURE HYDROPONICS COMES FROM THE GREEK WORDS THAT MEAN WATER & FARMING. HYDROPONIC FARMING IS DONE WITHOUT SOIL. PLANTS GROW IN WATER, GRAVEL OR SAND. THE NUTRIENTS THEY NEED ARE PROVIDED BY THE WATER.

FOOD PRODUCTION PEOPLE MUST EAT TO LIVE. WE EAT A VARIETY OF FOODS PREPARED IN MANY DIFFERENT WAYS. THE HUMAN BODY NEEDS SIX KINDS OF SUBSTANCES, CALLED NUTRIENTS. CARBOHYDRATES, FATS, MINERALS, PROTEIN, VITAMINS AND WATER.

FOOD PROCESSING COOKING WAS ONE OF THE FIRST WAYS FOOD WAS PROCESSED. ANOTHER EXAMPLE OF FOOD PROCESSING TAKES PLACE IN A POULTRY PLANT. THE LIVE CHICKENS ARE KNOWCKED OUT BY AN ELECTRIC CHARGE. THEY ARE THEN KILLED, CLEANED, PACKAGED AND SENT TO THE STORE.

FOOD PRESERVATION PRESERVING FOOD WITH HEAT FOOD IS HEATED TO A HIGH TEMPERATURE TO KILL THE BACTERIA PERSERVING FOOD WITH COLD THE COLD PREVENTS THE BACTERIA FROM GROWING PERSERVING FOOD BY DRYING MOST OF THE WATER IS REMOVED THROUGH DEHYDRATION PERSERVING FOOD WITH CHEMICALS PRESERVATIVES ARE ADDED TO FOOD, SUCH AS NITRATES AND SULFUR DIOXIDE PERSERVING FOOD BY HIGH-TECH METHODS X-RAY RADIATION OR ULTRASONIC VIBRATION KILLS THE BACTERIA IN FOOD.

MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY NEW MEDICAL TOOLS LASERS AND ELECTRONIC TOOLS SPARE PARTS FOR THE BODY ORGANS CAN BE TRANSPLANTED INTO THE BODY AND SOME BODY PARTS CAN BE MADE ARTIFICIALLY WINDOWS INTO THE BODY X-RAY MACHINE, THE C A T SCANNER, AND ULTRA-SOUNDS TAKE IMAGES OF THE BODY

SO WHAT DOES ALL THIS MEAN? BIOTECHNOLOGY IMPACTS YOUR LIFE *HOW DOES BIOTECHNOLOGY EFFECT YOUR LIFE? *MAKE A LIST OF 5 WAYS BIOTECHNOLOGY EFFECTS YOUR LIFE… *THINK ABOUT THE FOOD YOU EAT, YOUR DOCTOR VISITS…..