Classical Greece
Do Now and Objective Write the following Objective in your notebook: Determine the causes of the Peloponnesian War, the outcome of the war, and the effect it had on Greek civilization Read “Turning Point” on page 120 in your textbooks and answer the two Document Based Questions on the bottom of the page Write the following Objective in your notebook: Determine the causes of the Peloponnesian War, the outcome of the war, and the effect it had on Greek civilization Read “Turning Point” on page 120 in your textbooks and answer the two Document Based Questions on the bottom of the page
The Challenge of Persia As Greek civilization spread throughout Mediterranean, came into contact with Persian empire to the east Ionian Greek cities in western Asia Minor had fallen to Persia by mid-500s BC 499 BC Athenian navy tried to help them revolt from Persia Caused Persian king Darius to seek revenge on Athens 490 B.C. Persians landed on plain of Marathon, 26 miles from Athens As Greek civilization spread throughout Mediterranean, came into contact with Persian empire to the east Ionian Greek cities in western Asia Minor had fallen to Persia by mid-500s BC 499 BC Athenian navy tried to help them revolt from Persia Caused Persian king Darius to seek revenge on Athens 490 B.C. Persians landed on plain of Marathon, 26 miles from Athens
Battle of Marathon 490 B.C. Persians land on plain of Marathon, 26 miles from Athens Athenian army attacked and defeated Persians According to legend, news of Persia’s defeat was brought by an Athenian runner named Pheidippides, who raced from Marathon to Athens With last breath, announced “Victory, we win” before dropping dead Today’s marathon race based on this heroic story Battle of Marathon proved to the Athenians that Persians could be defeated and gave them new confidence in their city-state 490 B.C. Persians land on plain of Marathon, 26 miles from Athens Athenian army attacked and defeated Persians According to legend, news of Persia’s defeat was brought by an Athenian runner named Pheidippides, who raced from Marathon to Athens With last breath, announced “Victory, we win” before dropping dead Today’s marathon race based on this heroic story Battle of Marathon proved to the Athenians that Persians could be defeated and gave them new confidence in their city-state
Persia Plots Revenge Darius dies in 486 B.C., Xerxes becomes new Persian monarch Xerxes vowed revenge and planned to invade Greece To prepare for the attack, some of the Greek states formed a defensive league under the Spartans Athenians built a navy Xerxes led massive invasion force into Greece Despite differences, Athenians and Spartans united by common goal of defeating Persian invaders Greeks able to defeat Persians and take control of Aegean Sea Darius dies in 486 B.C., Xerxes becomes new Persian monarch Xerxes vowed revenge and planned to invade Greece To prepare for the attack, some of the Greek states formed a defensive league under the Spartans Athenians built a navy Xerxes led massive invasion force into Greece Despite differences, Athenians and Spartans united by common goal of defeating Persian invaders Greeks able to defeat Persians and take control of Aegean Sea
Do Now: 9/24 Read Pg.121 Explain what life was like in Greece after the defeat of the Persians. Pericles Age of Pericles Delian League Read Pg.121 Explain what life was like in Greece after the defeat of the Persians. Pericles Age of Pericles Delian League
The Athenian Empire After defeat of Persians, Athens took over leadership of entire Greek world 478 B.C. Athenians formed defensive alliance against Persians known as Delian League Under Athenian leadership, Delian League liberated all Greek states in the Aegean from Persian control Athens had created an empire Under Pericles : leader in Athens from 461 to 429 B.C. who helped create democracy Age of Pericles: height of Athenian power and brilliance After defeat of Persians, Athens took over leadership of entire Greek world 478 B.C. Athenians formed defensive alliance against Persians known as Delian League Under Athenian leadership, Delian League liberated all Greek states in the Aegean from Persian control Athens had created an empire Under Pericles : leader in Athens from 461 to 429 B.C. who helped create democracy Age of Pericles: height of Athenian power and brilliance
Roots of the Peloponnesian War After defeat of Persians, Greek world divided into two sides 1.Athenian empire and the Delian League 2.Sparta and its supporters: The Peloponnesian League Athens and Sparta had very different societies and couldn’t tolerate the other’s systems Sparta feared the growing power of the Athenian empire Series of disputes led to outbreak of Great Peloponnesian War in 431 B.C. After defeat of Persians, Greek world divided into two sides 1.Athenian empire and the Delian League 2.Sparta and its supporters: The Peloponnesian League Athens and Sparta had very different societies and couldn’t tolerate the other’s systems Sparta feared the growing power of the Athenian empire Series of disputes led to outbreak of Great Peloponnesian War in 431 B.C.
The Peloponnesian War Began in 431 B.C. Strategies of each side: Athens Planned to remain behind city’s protective walls and receive supplies from their colonies and navy Sparta Surrounded Athens, hoping Athenians would send their army to fight outside the walls Began in 431 B.C. Strategies of each side: Athens Planned to remain behind city’s protective walls and receive supplies from their colonies and navy Sparta Surrounded Athens, hoping Athenians would send their army to fight outside the walls
Outcome and Effect on Greek Society Weakened major Greek city-states Ruined any possibility of cooperation During next 67 years, Sparta, Athens, and Thebes (new Greek power) struggled to dominate Greek affairs By continuing their wars, Greeks ignored the growing power of Macedonia to the north This would eventually cost them their freedom Weakened major Greek city-states Ruined any possibility of cooperation During next 67 years, Sparta, Athens, and Thebes (new Greek power) struggled to dominate Greek affairs By continuing their wars, Greeks ignored the growing power of Macedonia to the north This would eventually cost them their freedom
Sparta had stronger army, Athens had stronger navy Second year of war, plague broke out in overcrowded city of Athens Killed more than one-third of the people, including Pericles Athens continued to fight on for another 25 years 405 B.C.-Athens’ fleet is destroyed Within the year, Athens surrendered Walls torn down, navy disbanded, Athenian empire destroyed Sparta had stronger army, Athens had stronger navy Second year of war, plague broke out in overcrowded city of Athens Killed more than one-third of the people, including Pericles Athens continued to fight on for another 25 years 405 B.C.-Athens’ fleet is destroyed Within the year, Athens surrendered Walls torn down, navy disbanded, Athenian empire destroyed