BELLWORK What is a polis?

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Presentation transcript:

BELLWORK What is a polis? How did Greece’s geographic location impact their civilization? What is a tyrant? What happened when tyrants took over Ancient Greece? Explain the difference between Sparta and Athens. What is an oligarchy? Do you think this type of government would be effective? Why or why not? THINKER: Why do you think the Greeks were threatened by the Persians?

Greek Civilization Greeks are most known for their contribution to modern society. Including classical art, architecture, drama, philosophy, history, science, and the Olympic games.

Greek Civilization To learn about Greek civilization, you are going to read pages 62-63 and for each topic, describe 2-3 accomplishments and contributions to Ancient Greece. Visual Arts Greek Drama The Olympic Games Philosophers Historians Scientists

Visual Arts

Greek Drama

The Olympics

Philosophers Aristotle Plato Socrates

Historians

Science

Persian Empire – 539 BC

The Persian Wars In 490 BC, Persian forces (led by Darius I) landed near Athens. The outnumbered Greeks staged a surprise attack and defeated the Persians! In 480B.C., the Persians returned to Greece (now led by Xerxes I) 7,000 Greeks (Spartans/Athenians) vs. 100,000 Persians Greek navy destroyed the entire Persian fleet. The Persians responded with a sneak attack on the remaining 300 Spartan warriors – Battle of Thermopylae

Persian Wars – Battle of Thermopylae Thermopylae ("hot gates") was a pass the Greeks tried to defend Spartan King Leonidas was in charge of the Greek forces. He had three goals: Restrain & delay the strong Persian Army Keep them from attacking the Greek navy (under Athenian control - Themistocles) Block them long enough so they would be forced to sail back for food, water & supplies

Persian Wars – Battle of Thermopylae A Persian-sympathizer & traitor named Ephialtes led the Persians around the pass showing them where to attack from behind. Expecting defeat, Leonidas sent away most of his troops. The remaining 300 Spartan warriors fought the Persians & blocked the pass long enough so the rest of the Greek army could escape. All 300 warriors were killed - Greece accepted defeat After their victory, the Persians marched to Athens and burned it to the ground (already been evacuated) The Greeks would defeat Persia and re-capture Athens a year later, in 479 B.C.

The Last Stand of the 300 For the rest of class, you will be watching a video on the last stand of the 300 at the Battle of Thermopylae. Answer the questions on the worksheet Pay attention! This information will be included on the unit test

BELLWORK Explain the role of the following men in the Persian Wars: Darius I, Xerxes I, Leonidas & Themistocles. The Persian Empire was the largest of its day. Its borders stretched between which two rivers? Why did Sparta and Athens (traditional enemies) decide to fight together in the Persian Wars? How did the geography of Thermopylae help the Greek army? Describe the military training of Spartan boys. THINKER: Why would Leonidas, already expecting defeat at Thermopylae, send his army away but keep his strongest 300 soldiers to fight?

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