Catalyst: Draw the atomic model and Lewis Dot Structure for F - Thurs, Nov. 6 th, 2008

Today’s Objective: SWBAT Describe what bonds are. Identify and draw atomic models of ionic compounds.

Ionic Bonds – Thurs,

Matter Classification Review How would you describe the following two images using the following terms: atom, molecule, element, and compound.

Matter Classification Review Both of these are molecules and compounds. Molecule b/c 2+ atoms Compounds b/c 2 types of elements.

Ionic Bonds – Thurs, Matter Review - Molecule = 2+ atoms - Compound = 2+ types of elements

Compounds How are compounds held together? (Brainstorm in pairs) They are held together by forces called chemical bonds. These bonds form as a result of valence electrons interacting b/t elements.

Ionic Bonds – Thurs, Matter Review Bonds -Molecule = 2+ atoms - Compound = 2+ types of elements - Forces that hold cmpds. together - Form b/c of valence e - interacting b/t elements

Valence Review As the group number on the periodic table increases (as you move to the right), what happens to the number of valence electrons? (Think first!)

Valence Review As group # increases, the # val. e- increases. Why is this important?

Ionic Bonds – Thurs, Matter Review Bonds Val. e- -Molecule = 2+ atoms - Compound = 2+ types of elements - Forces that hold cmpds. together - Form b/c of valence e - interacting b/t elements - As group # , val. e- 

Valence Review Atoms WANT to have 8 electrons in their valence shell. Which side of the periodic table would be more likely to receive electrons to make this happen?

Valence Review The right side of the periodic table is more likely to receive electrons to make a full shell. As group # increases, the ability to gain electrons, increases.

Ionic Bonds – Thurs, Matter Review Bonds Val. e- -Molecule = 2+ atoms - Compound = 2+ types of elements - Forces that hold cmpds. together - Form b/c of valence e - interacting b/t elements - As group # , val. e-  - As group # , ability to gain e - 

Valence Review The left side (metals) want to give away electrons & the right side (non-metals) want to accept electrons.

Valence Review If an atom has few valence electrons, it wants to give them away (it is generous). If an atom has many valence electrons, it wants to take more (it is greedy).

Ionic Bonds – Thurs, Matter Review Bonds Val. e- Gaining / Losing e- -Molecule = 2+ atoms - Compound = 2+ types of elements - Forces that hold cmpds. together - Form b/c of valence e - interacting b/t elements - As group # , val. e-  - As group # , ability to gain e -  -If fewer val. e-, wants to give e- away -If many val. e-, wants to take more e-

Lewis Dot Review (Left page) What are the Lewis Dot Structures for Sodium & Chlorine? Sodium – 1 val. e- Chlorine – 7 val. e-

Lewis Dot Review (Left page) Which one is more likely to give away electrons? Sodium (has fewer val. e-) Which one is more likely to accept electrons? Chlorine (has more val. e-)

Ionic Bonds What the heck does this have to do with bonds??

Ionic Bonds Ionic bonds occur when electrons in a compound are transferred from one atom to another. Why? Atoms that are more likely to give away electrons will transfer electrons to the atom that is more likely to accept electrons.

Ionic Bonds – Thurs, Val. e- Gaining / Losing e- Ionic Bonds - As group # , val. e-  - As group # , ability to gain e -  -If fewer val. e-, wants to give e- away -If many val. e-, wants to take more e- - bond formed when e- transferred from one atom to another

Ionic Bonds When an ionic bond is formed, atoms gain or lose electrons. What are atoms that do not have the same number of protons & electrons called? IONS

Steps for Creating Ionic Bonds 1. Draw the Lewis Dot structure for each atom. 2. Figure out which atom is more likely to give away electrons. 3. Figure out which atom is more likely to receive electrons.

Ionic Bonds – Thurs, Gaining / Losing e- Ionic Bonds Ionic Bond Steps -If fewer val. e-, wants to give e- away -If many val. e-, wants to take more e- - bond formed when e- transferred from one atom to another 1. Draw Lewis Dot structures. 2. Figure which atom is more likely to give away electrons. 3. “…” receive electrons.

Steps for Creating Ionic Bonds (Example – Left page) 1. Draw the Lewis Dot Structures for Sodium & Chlorine. Sodium (Na): 1 val. e-Chlorine (Cl): 7 val. e- Na Cl

Steps for Creating Ionic Bonds (Example – Left page) 2. Figure out which atom is more likely to give away electrons. 3. Figure out which atom is more likely to receive electrons. Na Cl

Steps for Creating Ionic Bonds 4. Figure out how many electrons need to be transferred. 5. Draw an arrow showing transfer of electrons. 6. Determine and write charges of ions created.

Ionic Bonds – Thurs, Ionic Bond Steps 1. Draw Lewis Dot structures. 2. Figure which atom is more likely to give away electrons. 3. “…” receive electrons. 4. Figure # e- to be transferred. 5. Draw arrow showing e- moving. 6. Write charges of new ions.

Steps for Creating Ionic Bonds (Example – Left page) 4. Figure out how many electrons need to be transferred. 1e- to be transferred 1e- to be transferred Na Cl

Steps for Creating Ionic Bonds (Example – Left page) 5. Draw an arrow showing transfer of electrons. Na Cl

Steps for Creating Ionic Bonds (Example – Left page) 6. Determine and write charges of ions formed. Na Cl +-

Steps for Creating Ionic Bonds (Example 2 – Left page) Create an ionic bond between Sodium (Na) and Flourine (F). (Take 3 minutes) Create an ionic bond between Sodium (Na) and Flourine (F). (Take 3 minutes)

Steps for Creating Ionic Bonds (Example 2 – Left page) 1. Draw Lewis Dot structures. 2. Figure which atom is more likely to give away electrons. 3. “…” receive electrons. 4. Figure # e- to be transferred. 5. Draw arrow showing e- moving. 6. Write charges of new ions. Na F

Steps for Creating Ionic Bonds (Example 2 – Left page) 1. Draw Lewis Dot structures. 2. Figure which atom is more likely to give away electrons. 3. “…” receive electrons. 4. Figure # e- to be transferred. 5. Draw arrow showing e- moving. 6. Write charges of new ions. Na F

Steps for Creating Ionic Bonds (Example 2 – Left page) 1. Draw Lewis Dot structures. 2. Figure which atom is more likely to give away electrons. 3. “…” receive electrons. 4. Figure # e- to be transferred. 5. Draw arrow showing e- moving. 6. Write charges of new ions. Na F

Steps for Creating Ionic Bonds (Example 2 – Left page) 1. Draw Lewis Dot structures. 2. Figure which atom is more likely to give away electrons. 3. “…” receive electrons. 4. Figure # e- to be transferred. (1) 5. Draw arrow showing e- moving. 6. Write charges of new ions. Na F

Steps for Creating Ionic Bonds (Example 2 – Left page) 1. Draw Lewis Dot structures. 2. Figure which atom is more likely to give away electrons. 3. “…” receive electrons. 4. Figure # e- to be transferred. (1) 5. Draw arrow showing e- moving. 6. Write charges of new ions. Na F

Steps for Creating Ionic Bonds (Example 2 – Left page) 1. Draw Lewis Dot structures. 2. Figure which atom is more likely to give away electrons. 3. “…” receive electrons. 4. Figure # e- to be transferred. (1) 5. Draw arrow showing e- moving. 6. Write charges of new ions. Na F +-

Sample Problems (on white boards) Draw the ionic bonds between the following elements: 1. Potassium & Flourine 2. Potassium & Chlorine 3. Hydrogen & Flourine 4. Chlorine & Hydrogen 5. Atom “X” with 6 valence electrons & Atom “Y” with 2 valence electrons. 6. Atom “Aa” with 5 total electrons & Atom “Bb” with 7 total electrons.