Student: Diego Schneuer F. Date: 2 nd Dicember. Industrial Engineer Department.Chemistry and Biotechnology Engineer Department.Bioetanol-Domeyko-Finlandia Group.

Introduction – MotivationObjectivesBiorefineryBioethanol Plants in the WorldLocationFlowsheetMass BalancePlant CapacityCash FlowSensibility AnalysisConclusion Contents of Presentation

Introduction – Motivation CO2. Global Warming. Climatic Changes. Petroleum. Finite, not renewable resource. Reserves estimated for about years. Agriculture waste. Burn?? Trash?? Agriculture Waste CO2Petroleum Exploratory, both technical and economic study, for the production of bioethanol and co- products of biorefinery, from Corn Stubbles.

Objectives Exploratory, both technical and economic study, for the production of bioethanol and co- products of biorefinery, from Corn Stubbles. Suitable RegionLogistics of TransportSecondary Products StudySelect the Biorefinery Co-Products of the ProjectBiorefinery Process StudyConceptual Design of Biorefinery PlantEconomic Study

XylitolCO 2, Yeast LigninBioethanol Biorefinery

Plants Iogen Ottawa, Canada. Agriculture Waste EthanolTecknik (ETEK) Ornskoldsvik, Sweden. Wood Waste Ethanol Partners Masada Middletown, New York, EEUU. Urban Waste BC International Louisiana, EEUU. Rice and Bagasse Bioethanol Plants in the World

Location Available Material Geomorphology VI Region Road accesses Water source Nearness (Rapel) Relation between price, ton and kilometer (50 Km) Peumo

Flowsheet

Flux Summary[m 3 /day] F11046F176 F2221F18227 F3825F19138 F4821F20237 F51660F F62477F229 F72229F23227 F82.464F2424 F91707F250,03 F1020F2624 F111719F F12741F28102 F13969F29102 F14745F F15182F310,03 F Mass Balance(Flux Summary) Importants Flux Fluxm 3 /dayKind F11046Corn Stubble F16138CO 2 F176Yeast F23227Bioethanol F2624Xylitol F28102Lignin Yield of Raw Material Raw MaterialAmount Corn Stubble[Ton]1 Ethanol [Litre]227 Yeast [Kg]101 Xylitol [Kg]31 Lignin [Kg]111 CO 2 [Kg]114

Plant Requirment Input m 3 50% Stubble Ha Operation Conditions 330 days 24 hours Annual Bioethanol Production m 3 45 % of National Demand Plant Capacity National Demand: m 3

Capacity: m 3 /year of ethanol. Equipment Cost(FOB): 51 MMUSD. Study Capacity: m 3 /year de ethanol. Equipment Cost: 84 MMUSD. TOMSA Capacity: m 3 /year of ethanol. Equipment Cost: 240 MMUSD. NREL and Harris Group Comparison

Cash Flow Parameters. Financing: 40%. Interest Rate : 8%. Pay Period: 10 years. Discount Rate: 15%. Plant Inversion. 160 millions US$. Fixed Cost. 4 millions US$ annual Variable Cost. 52 millions US$ annual

Cash Flow ProductUnitPrice [USD] Ethanolm3m3 600 LigninKg0,1 XylitolKg0,2 YeastKg1,5 CO 2 Kg0,7 InputUS$/Unit Corn Stubble[m 3 ]7,5 Water [Kg]0,00006 H 2 SO 4 [Kg]0,19 Celluclast 1,5 L [m 3 ]2.745 Novozymes 188 [m 3 ]2.745 S. cerevisae [Kg]8,00 Nutrients [Kg]0,36 Ca(OH) 2 [Kg]0,12 Diesel [Kg]1,17 Electricity [MWh]58 Corn Stubble Freight[Ton]7,8

NPV = 0.

Sensitivity Analisis Raw Material Cost Enzyme Cost Equipment Cost

Use of the bioehtanol like alternative fuelCo-Production election(Lignin, Yeast, Xylitol y CO2) Profitable project with price of bioetanol at 6oo US$/m 3. (NPV = 20 millions US$ y IRR = 18%) High sensibility to the price bioethanol, enzyme cost and equipments cost. Low sensibility to raw material cost. Future studies recomended. Conclusion