Manufacturing Processes Lab I Joint Design & Welding Terms

Welding terminology An electrode is a component that conducts electrical current to the weld area. Some electrodes are covered with a flux coating. The base metal is the metal or alloy that is to be welded. Constant molten pool width means constant bead width Maintain steady arc length A weld bead is a weld that results from a weld pass. A weld pass is a single progression of welding along a weld joint. Single pass & multiple-pass weld

Welding terminology A filler metal is metal deposited during the welding processes. A ripple is the shape within the deposited bead caused by the movement of the welding heat source.

Welding terminology A crater is a depression in the base metal that is made by the welding heat source (at the termination of the weld bead). Joint Penetration is the depth of the weld metal from the weld face into the joint (it does not include the weld reinforcement measurement!).

Welding terminology Weld reinforcement is the amount of weld metal in excess of that required to fill the joint. (= face reinforcement) Root reinforcement is reinforcement on the opposite side (opposite the one which welding took place).

Welding terminology The root face is the portion of the groove face within the joint root. The root opening is the distance between joint members at the root of the weld before welding (this should be accurate!). Weld width is the distance from toe to toe across the face of the weld.

Welding terminology The weld toe is the point where the weld metal meets the intersection of the base metal and the weld face. The weld face is the exposed surface of the weld (bounded by the weld toes on the side on which welding was done). The face may be either convex or concave. The weld root is the area where filler metal intersects the base metal and extends the furthest into the weld joint.

Welding terminology A joint root is the portion of a weld joint where joint members are the closest to each other (may be either a point, line or an area). The actual throat is the shortest distance from the face of a fillet weld to the weld root after welding. The effective throat is the minimum distance, minus convexity, between the weld face and the weld root. A weld leg is the distance from the joint root to the weld toe. (size of a fillet weld in lap or T-joints).

Weld joints A weld joint is the physical configuration at the juncture of the workpieces to be welded. Basic considerations in the selection of any weld joint.

Types of welded joints

Butt joints square Single V Double V Single V with backing bar Single Bevel Double Bevel Single Bevel with backing bar Single J Single U throat land face toe root gap

Corner joints Various types of corner joints are: Flush half-open full-open

Imperfect shapes

Test yourself! Which one is: T joint, Lap joint, Edge, Butt joint, Corner joint?! Butt joint Corner joint T joint Lap joint edge

Test yourself! Place the name tags: Weld root, Weld toe, Weld leg, Weld face, Joint root, Actual throat, Effective throat. Actual throat Weld leg Effective throat Weld face Weld leg Weld root Weld toe Joint root