Unit Notes Judicial Branch
Types of Jurisdiction Judicial Review allows the Supreme Court to decide if a law is constitutional. Judicial Review allows the Supreme Court to decide if a law is constitutional. There are several types of jurisdiction. There are several types of jurisdiction. Exclusive Jurisdiction is when only federal courts can hear and decide federal cases. Exclusive Jurisdiction is when only federal courts can hear and decide federal cases. Original jurisdiction, or the authority to hear federal cases first, happens at the district court level. Original jurisdiction, or the authority to hear federal cases first, happens at the district court level.
Types of Jursidiction Jurisdiction is the term for a court’s authority to hear and decide cases. Jurisdiction is the term for a court’s authority to hear and decide cases. Appellate jurisdiction allows a court to hear appeals from a lower court Appellate jurisdiction allows a court to hear appeals from a lower court Concurrent jurisdiction is when a case can be heard in either federal or state court Concurrent jurisdiction is when a case can be heard in either federal or state court
Types of Courts Appeals court can remand a case, that is, send it back to the lower court for retrial. Appeals court can remand a case, that is, send it back to the lower court for retrial. The job of the appeals court is to review decisions made in lower district courts. The job of the appeals court is to review decisions made in lower district courts. Circuit is the term for the geographic area covered by an appeals court. Circuit is the term for the geographic area covered by an appeals court.
Actions in Courts A subpoena is a court order requiring someone to appear in court. A subpoena is a court order requiring someone to appear in court. A precedent is a previous case that gives guidance to other judges hearing similar cases. A precedent is a previous case that gives guidance to other judges hearing similar cases. Federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction over cases involving maritime law. Federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction over cases involving maritime law.
Documents in Court A brief is the written document explaining one side of a case. A brief is the written document explaining one side of a case. When the Supreme Court accepts a case for review, it places it on the docket, or calendar. When the Supreme Court accepts a case for review, it places it on the docket, or calendar. Stare Decisis is the guiding principle for all judges to follow. Stare Decisis is the guiding principle for all judges to follow.
Opinions in Court An opinion offers a detailed explanation of the legal thinking behind a court’s decision. An opinion offers a detailed explanation of the legal thinking behind a court’s decision. Majority opinion states the facts of the case, announces the ruling, and explains the Court’s reasoning in reaching the decision. Majority opinion states the facts of the case, announces the ruling, and explains the Court’s reasoning in reaching the decision. Dissenting opinion is an opinion written by a judge that does not agree with the verdict. Dissenting opinion is an opinion written by a judge that does not agree with the verdict.
Famous Cases/Where Stuff Happens Any disagreements between state governments are initially heard by federal courts. Any disagreements between state governments are initially heard by federal courts. Marbury v. Madison said that the Supreme Court had the power of judicial review. Marbury v. Madison said that the Supreme Court had the power of judicial review.