Part 5 Rockets Chap. 21- Rocket Fundamentals

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Aerospace Power Know the basic facts and general operating principle of rocket engines. 1. Outline the history of rocket engines. 2. Describe how rocket.

Advertisements

Analysis of Rocket Propulsion

Rocket Engines Liquid Propellant –Mono propellant Catalysts –Bi-propellant Solid Propellant –Grain Patterns Hybrid Nuclear Electric Performance Energy.

Page 1 Civil Air Patrol - Arizona Wing Aerospace Education Program for Senior Members (AEPSM) Sky Harbor Composite Squadron 301 AEO, 1LT Tom Lodge Revised.

Chapter 2 - Exploring Space, Lesson 1

History. Hurling fire pots were used to set fires 200 BC 1000 BC 100 AD 600 AD.

 Chinese used explosive powder for religious festivals  Fill bamboo tubes with this powder and attached them to arrows "fire arrows”  Repelled the.

Bellringer Of the two types of combined forces, which one is present if the net force is ≠0.

17 January 2006Astronomy Chapter 2 Orbits and Gravity What causes one object to orbit another? What is the shape of a planetary orbit? What general.

Rockets 101 AIAA – March 2009 Theory of Rockets Dr. Eric Besnard California State University, Long Beach Project Director, California Launch Vehicle Education.

Principles of Rocketry

Rocket Propulsion.

Gravitational Potential Energy When we are close to the surface of the Earth we use the constant value of g. If we are at some altitude above the surface.

Part 4: Exploration 1. Reaction Engine  An engine, such as a jet or rocket engine, that ejects gas at high velocity and develops its thrust from the.

Escape velocity is the velocity required to just escape the gravitational pull of the planet. It depends on the ratio of the mass and radius of the planet.

Launch System Launch Vehicle Launch Complex Orbit Insertion Orbit Maneuvers.

 The word "rocket" can mean different things. Most people think of a tall, thin, round vehicle. They think of a rocket that launches into space. "Rocket"

WEATHER ELEMENTS AVIATION WEATHER ROCKET FUNDAMENTALS CHEMICAL PROPULSION ORBITS AND TRAJECTORIES SPACE ENVIRONMT JEOPARDY.

Govt. Girls Higher Secondary School , Pattom , Trivandrum.

AE 1350 Lecture #14 Introduction to Astronautics.

Please read pages Define rockets Beginning, important dates, and important people/country, and how they work.

Rocket Engine Physics and Design

Rockets Tuesday: Rocketry Wednesday: Meet in my room 601: hydrogen demo and Quiz over rocketry. Thursday: Satellites and Orbital Mechanics Friday: Satellites,

Aerospace By Mr. Lewis.

History of rockets rocket a device that expels gases in one direction to move in the opposite direction History of rockets  originated in China ’s.

Rocket Science Rocket Science Dr. Martin Hendry Glasgow University Reach for the Stars.

EXTROVERTSpace Propulsion 02 1 Thrust, Rocket Equation, Specific Impulse, Mass Ratio.

Comprehend the different types of rockets Comprehend the propulsion and flight of rockets Comprehend the types of launch vehicles Comprehend the factors.

Infinity-project.org The Institute for Engineering Education Engineering Education for today’s classroom. Rocketry: Achieving Liftoff.

History After Tsiolkovsky came an American, Robert Goddard (1920’s). First to experiment with liquid fuel… more difficult. Developed a gyroscope system.

Rockets Module 41 Rockets and the Conquest of Space.

Spacecraft Trajectories You Can Get There from Here! John F Santarius Lecture 9 Resources from Space NEEP 533/ Geology 533 / Astronomy 533 / EMA 601 University.

Chapter 12 Universal Law of Gravity

How Rocket Engines Operate List the Types and Characteristics of Rocket Engines How Rockets Work.

Spaceflight I Leaving Earth How Rockets Work Newton's Laws of Motion are: 1.An object at rest tends to remain at rest 2.An object in motion tends to.

Rockets. Rocket  A chamber enclosing a gas under pressure  Small opening allows gas to escape providing thrust in the process  Which of Newton’s Laws?

Launch Vehicles and Sensing Technology

Earth in Space Section Earth’s Shape Considered to be ellipsoid Oblate spheroid Earth is wider than it is tall Bulges at equator, flattened at poles.

Sci. 5-1 Rocket Science Pages A. Rocket- a machine that uses escaping gas to move.

Rocket Science and Orbital Mechanics Academic Decathlon Preparation for San Fernando HS by Dr. Muller.

Astronomy - Chapter 5 Section 1 ROCKET SCIENCE. 1. WHO LAUNCHED THE FIRST LIQUID FUELED ROCKET? A. Konstantin Tsiolkovsky B. Robert Goddard C. NASA D.

Rockets Module 41 Rockets Module Four Saturn V Rockets Module 42 Objective To understand more about the conquest of space… the final frontier –Discoveries.

Rockets Module 41 Rockets Module Four Saturn V Rockets Module 42 Objective To understand more about the conquest of space… the final frontier.

Introduction to Rocketry 1 June Rocket Concepts Newton’s Laws of Motion Thrust Drag Stability Moments of Inertia Parachutes Rocket Construction.

This presentation will give a brief description of rocket principles.

Rockets & Rocketry. Rocket A rocket is a type of engine that pushes itself forward or upward by producing thrust. Unlike a jet engine, which draws in.

The Science of Rockets Chapter 2, Section 1 P40-45.

 Why should humans explore the space?  Is it possible for humans to explore places beyond the solar system?  Will we ever reach other stars?  What.

Rockets and Satellites. How Do Rockets Lift Off? Rockets and space shuttles lift into space using Newton’s third law of motion.

The Science of Rockets Notes. A History of Rockets A rocket is a device that sends gas in one direction to move the rocket in the opposite direction.

History of Rocketry 1. The first rockets were invented by the Chinese when they invented gunpowder in 1200 A.D. to propel rockets. 2. Sir Isaac Newton.

ABOVE THE ATMOSPHERE AND UNDER CONTROL Topic 6. Rockets – Getting Up There The science of rocketry relies on a basic physics principle that you learned.

Newton’s thought experiment: orbital velocity. Surface escape velocities Planet V escape, ft/sec Mercury13,600 Venus33,600 Earth36,700 Moon7,800 Mars16,700.

CAV 100 Rockets, Satellites & Spacecraft Principles of Rocket Propulsion  Newton’s three laws of physical motion  1. A body remains at rest or in a.

It Is Rocket Science: How Rockets Work

Rockets AND PROJECTILE MOTION.

Chapter 13 Section 1b: The Science of Rockets

Rockets Aerospace.

Space Exploration Rocket Science.

Rocket Fundamentals.

Technological Developments are Making Space Exploration Possible and Offer Benefits on Earth Unit E: Topic Two.

Basics of Rocket Propulsion

Aerospace Education Program for Senior Members (AEPSM)

Space journey —launching

Chapter 13 Gravitation In this chapter we will explore the following topics: -Newton’s law of gravitation that describes the attractive.

Chapter 13 Gravitation In this chapter we will explore the following topics: -Newton’s law of gravitation, which describes the attractive force between.

Section 1 – pg 502 The Science of Rockets

Rocketry Trajectory Basics

Propulsion Systems Aircraft, Rocket, Space © 2011 Project Lead The Way, Inc.Aerospace Engineering.

Presentation transcript:

Part 5 Rockets Chap. 21- Rocket Fundamentals Chap. 22- Chemical Propulsion Chap. 23- Orbits & Trajectories

21 Rocket Fundamentals History of Rocketry Rocketry is based on propelling a vehicle by a reactive force. Chinese developed rockets in 1220; first to use in war. 1405 - German engineer Konrad Kyeser von Eichstadt devised a rocket propelled by gunpowder 1800 - Britain’s William Congreve developed flight-stabilizing guide sticks and built first viable launching pad. William Hale (English) developed spin stabilization with angled exhaust tubes. WW I - rockets used as signal flares and to carry messages, not used as primary weapon. Dr. Robert H. Goddard - Developed and launched first liquid propelled rocket. Recognized as the “Father of Modern Rocketry”. Germany developed liquid rocket as weapon in WW II know as the V-2.

21 Rocket Fundamentals Fundamental Physics Rocket Systems Gravitation-Force of attraction between all matter within the universe Gravity- Gravitation force with a body (mass) on or near Earth (Galileo) Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation: Newton’s Three Law’s of Motion: 1) Inertia 2) F=ma 3) Action=Reaction Gm1m2 d2 F = Momentum = m x V Acceleration = rate of change of velocity Rocket Systems Specific Impulse (Isp) = lbs of thrust delivered by consuming 1 lb of propellant in 1 second Airframe-Structure Propulsion Engines - Liquid Propellant Motors- Solid Propellant Guidance Systems - “Brain”, inertial platform, star tracking Control Systems - “Steering”, thrust vector control, reaction control

22 Chemical Propulsion Oxidizers & Reducers Oxidation - combination of oxygen with another substance. Time it takes for this process determines if substance rusts, corrodes, burns, or explodes Combustion - Rapid oxidation Oxidizer - Chemical element of Oxygen used to facilitate oxidation Reducers - Fuel used to combine with Oxygen to produce combustion. Propellant - Common reference to both oxidizer and fuel Bipropellant - Propellant with separate storage of oxidizer and fuel. Monopropellant - Oxidizer and fuel stored in same container.

22 Chemical Propulsion Solid Motors-Oxidizer and fuel are mixed together in solid state Storable No thrust control Cannot stop or throttle Liquid Propellant Hard to store/handle Can stop or throttle Hybrid Propellant Combination of solid and liquid propellant. Can stop or throttle. Easier to store/handle.

23 Orbits & Trajectories X Orbit - Path described by one body in its revolution about another body. X Satellite Earth Focal A Apogee Perigee Focal B Circular Orbit - Constant altitude above Earth’s surface Elliptical Orbit - Not circular Equatorial - West to East over Equator Geostationary Orbit - Equatorial orbit of period of 24 hours Polar Orbit - Crosses North and South poles Sunsynchronous Orbit - Constant exposure to sunlight Sounding Rocket - Straight up trajectory, never reaches orbit

23 Orbits & Trajectories Velocity Requirements Burnout - Moment a rocket engine ceases to produce thrust. Satellite in circular Earth orbit - 17,856 MPH (Moon requires 2300 MPH) Minimum velocity to Moon - 24,409 MPH Escape velocity of Earth - 25,560 MPH (Moon requires 5300 MPH) Escape velocity of Solar System - 36,000 MPH Launch Vehicles Rocket - Power plant used to propel a payload. Missile - Rocket propelled vehicle used to deliver a weapon. Launch Vehicle - Rocket propelled vehicle use to deliver payload other than a weapon. Expendable - Vehicles used only once and do not return to Earth. Reusable - Space Shuttle is only reusable launch vehicle. Plans are in work for a replacement in 2015 to 2020.