NitroEurope IP The nitrogen cycle and its influence on the European greenhouse gas balance 6 th FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME PRIORITY GLOBAL CHANGE AND ECOSYSTEMS

Context: Resource and delivery The Resources  NEU, COST 729, ESF NinE, …  Cluster: European Transboundary Nitrogen Activity (ETNA) Delivery target audiences  European Commission  International Conventions: WGs and negotiations  International Nitrogen Initiative (INI): European Nitrogen Centre (ENC)  Education and local stakeholders

Multi-pollutant interactions for nitrogen Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) Abatement may swap one pollutant for another in the nitrogen cascade Further NO & N 2 O Nitrate in streamwaters NH 4 NO 3 in precipitation Ammonia (NH 3 ) Nitric oxide (NO) Nitrate leaching NO 3 -

UNEP CBD SEBI 2010

NitroEurope IP What is the effect of reactive nitrogen supply on the direction and magnitude of net greenhouse gas budgets for Europe? To what extent would a more-integrated management of the N-cycle and its interactions with the C-cycle have potential to reduce greenhouse gas and N r emissions simultaneously? Effect of N on GHG balance: Positive effectUnclearNegative effect N 2 O (inc. 2’ sources)Cattle CH 4 C uptake in plants CH 4 wetlandsSOM decomposition

The NitroEurope IP C7. Standards and Data ManagementC9: NEU Training C8. NEU Management C10: NEU Dissemination 6 core science components … … plus 4 supporting components

Partner Involvement Funded partners: 65 institutions, inc 7 INCO.  Steering and Core Partners (leading groups, integration)  Major Partners (key deliverables)  Funded Associate Partners (extend the ERA) Involvement of unfunded associate partners  Mutual sharing of information  Clear acceptance criteria, by Activity  Associate Partners not unlimited: to maintain manageability and science excellence  Obvious interaction with COST 729

Component 1: NEU Flux Network Tiered structure: Level 3 (“Super Sites”): N and GHG fluxes: Core Measurements + Special Topics. Includes high cost micromet methods and process analysis. Level 2 (“Regional Sites”): Basic N and GHG flux monitoring, e.g. COTAG, simple cuvettes Level 1 (“Inferential Sites”): Basic N air concentration measurements at 50 CO 2 flux sites. e.g. DELTA low cost denuders.

NEU Flux & Manipulation Networks 13 Level 3 Super Sites 9 Level 2 Regional Sites 50 Level 1 Inferential Sites 22 Core Manipulation Sites 14 Assoc. Manipulation Sites

NEU Flux Network Sites in Climate Space

Component 2: NEU Manipulation

Component 3: NEU Plot Modelling

Overlays: Fields, farmsteads: source areas Forest & shrub: sink areas Local hydrological dispersion Local atmospheric dispersion Farm decision making units Conservation decision units Component 4: NEU Landscapes

Landscapes integrate multiple spatial scales relevant for multi-pollutant assessment Farmsteads Farm units (fields & buildings) Water dispersion Atmospheric dispersion

Component 5: NEU Integration

Remaining problem areas in 2020 Light blue = no risk Forests – acid dep. Semi-natural – acid dep.Freshwater – acid dep. Health - PMHealth+vegetation - ozoneVegetation – N dep. IIASA, Amann

Component 6: NEU Verification

NEU Data Management System

Lots to do! Started 1 February 2006 First General Assembly: Garmisch, March 2006 Synergy with other activities, e.g. COST 729, NinE, INI  e.g. joint workshops on cross-cutting activities.  database development and sharing information  A mechanism for disseminating policy interactions and communicating with stakeholders  …

ESF – Research Network Programme Nitrogen in Europe (NinE) Running for 5 years, started March 2006 Aims to integrate European research and researchers Delivering an assessment report of the state of European nitrogen, sources, transfor- mations and impacts, as well as establishing a basis to recommend future solutions

COST Action 729 Assessing and managing nitrogen fluxes in the atmosphere- biosphere system in Europe  Combining knowledge of various research areas to provide a scientific basis for an integrated approach to nitrogen management; requiring knowledge on:  The formation of reactive nitrogen and the resulting emissions to the atmosphere  Transport, transformation and deposition  Integrated assessment modelling  Policy analysis and support