"A bomber aircraft on take-off carries 12 dozen bombs, each weighing 10 kilos. The aircraft takes off for Warsaw the international centre for Jewry. It.

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Presentation transcript:

"A bomber aircraft on take-off carries 12 dozen bombs, each weighing 10 kilos. The aircraft takes off for Warsaw the international centre for Jewry. It bombs the town. On take-off with all bombs on board and a fuel tank containing 100 kilos of fuel, the aircraft weighed about 8 tons. When it returns from the crusade, there are still 230 kilos left. What is the weight of the aircraft when empty ?“ Exam question in Nazi Germany

Education and Youth in Nazi Germany What were the aims and effects?

"To keep a mentally ill person costs approximately 4 marks a day "To keep a mentally ill person costs approximately 4 marks a day. There are 300,000 mentally ill people in care. How much do these people cost to keep in total? How many marriage loans of 1000 marks could be granted with this money?“ Exam question in Nazi Germany

What were the aims? Your ideas

What were the aims? Create a loyal following Control ideas of the young population: indoctrination Instil values of Nazi regime: fitness, discipline, loyalty; as well as Nazi ideology (e.g. anti-Semitism) Prepare next generation of Nazi soldiers and mothers

How did these aims manifest themselves? School Reich Education Ministry (1934) No major change in structure of education Radical revision of syllabus History All media for transition of Biology Nazi philosophy; also PE German Teachers vetted by local authority; 97% joined the Nazi Teachers' Association Students encouraged to inform on teachers

“A young German must be as swift as a greyhound, as tough as leather, and as hard as Krupp's steel." Hitler Special schools for boys: Adolf Hitler Schools - future leaders of Germany: 6 years of tough physical training then to the army or to university Order Castles – very best students Took pupils to the limits of physical endurance: war games used live ammunition and pupils were killed Those who graduated from the Order Castles could expect to attain a high position in the army or SS

How did these aims manifest themselves? University ‘Unreliable’ teachers dismissed ‘Jewish’ theses banned e.g. Einstein 1933-38 45% of university posts changed Why was university so important to control?

How did these aims manifest themselves? Youth Movements Hitler Youth: as important as school Movements for young people already existed (Nazi youth 1920s) Almost compulsory by 1936; actually 1939 Catered for 10-18 year olds Boys: preparation for military service Girls: preparation for motherhood

Boys Deutsches Jungvolk (German Young People) 10-14 Hitler Jugend (Hitler Youth) 14-18 Girls Jungmadelbund (League of Young Girls) 10-14 Bund Deutscher Madel (League of German Girls) 14-18 Activities?

T. Rieger Boy from Hitler's Youth (1941)

Tasks: According to source 1 what is the aim of education policy? What is the purpose of History teaching according to source 2? Why is controlling History important? Look at source 5: describe the trend in membership of the Hitler Youth. What can we learn about the indoctrination of youth through source 6?

Balder von Shirach oversaw the Hitler Youth