Rocks Rock!!!

Rocks Rock: A mixture of minerals, rock fragments, volcanic glass, organic matter or other natural materials.

Rock Uses Rocks have been used throughout history for buildings, weapons, tools, and in art.

Types of Rocks There are three main categories of rocks –Igneous –Sedimentary –Metamorphic

Igneous Rocks (ig-nee-us)

Igneous rocks Igneous rocks: rocks formed when magma or lava cools and hardens. Igneous is from Latin, meaning “born of fire”.

Lava is found on the surface, magma is found underground.

Igneous rocks Intrusive: forms below the surface when magma cools slowly. It has large crystals (granite).

Igneous rocks Extrusive: formed when lava cools quickly on the surface of the Earth. Crystals are small (obsidian and basalt)

Igneous-examples and uses Granite: buildings, bridges, and counters Basalt : gravel Obsidian: knives

Famous Igneous Rocks Giants Causeway Stonehenge Easter Island Sugarloaf Mtn.

The black stoneMt. Rushmore Machu Picchu Mt. Fuji

Sedimentary Rocks (said-ah-men-tarry)

Sedimentary rocks Sediments: loose materials, such as rock fragments, mineral grains, and the remains of once living organisms Sediments are moved by wind, water, ice, or gravity.

Sedimentary rocks Sedimentary: rock formed when sediments are compacted and cemented together. Rock may feel grainy or sandy and weak.

Sedimentary rocks Many fossils are found in sedimentary rocks.

Sedimentary-examples and uses Sandstone: building materials Limestone: used to make cement

Famous Sedimentary Rocks Sphinx Haolong Bay Angkor Wat Chichen Itza Uluru (Ayers Rock) Monument Valley

Metamorphic Rocks (met-ah-more-fic)

Metamorphic rocks Metamorphic: rock that forms when heat, pressure, or chemicals act on a rock to change its form or composition. Layers are often seen in these rocks. Limestone into marble Granite into Gneiss ks/earth_science/terc/content/vi sualizations/es0607/es0607pag e01.cfm?chapter_no=visualizat ion

Metamorphic rocks Pressure and heat squish the rock into interesting patterns

Metamorphic-example and uses Marble: buildings and sculptures Slate: flooring, roofing, walkways, and chalkboards

Famous Metamorphic Rocks Taj Mahal Trevi Fountain Parthenon

Review What is the difference between a mineral and a rock? –Minerals have specific chemical compositions, rocks are a random assortment of materials –Rocks can have organic materials (shells and plants) mixed in –Rocks may not have a crystal structure VS.

What are the three types of rocks? Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic

Rock Cycle

Rock cycle: a model that describes how rocks slowly change from one rock type to another rock type over time.

Rock Cycle

Changes to rocks occur due to melting, cooling, weathering and erosion, compaction and cementation, and heat and pressure.

Rock Cycle Quiz How does one rock change into another? Use your rock cycle chart to figure it out!

1. Igneous to sediments? Weathering and erosion

2. Sedimentary rock to Metamorphic? Heat and pressure

3. Igneous Rock to Magma? Melting

4. Igneous Rock to Metamorphic? Heat and pressure

5. Igneous Rock to Sedimentary Rock? Weather and erode into sediments Sediments compact and cement into sedimentary rock.

6. Metamorphic Rock into Sedimentary Rock? Weather and erode into sediments Sediments compact and cement into sedimentary rock.

7. Sedimentary Rock to Igneous Rock? Sedimentary rock undergoes heat and pressure to become Metamorphic rock, then it melts to become magma, then cools to become Igneous rock. OR Sedimentary rock melts into magma then cools into Igneous rock

The End of Rocking Rocks!

Famous Rocks around the World grocha/monument/rocks.htmlhttp://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/geology/ grocha/monument/rocks.html