1. Rocks Rock!!!

2. Rocks
Rock: A mixture of minerals, rock fragments, volcanic glass, organic matter or other natural materials.

3. Rock Uses
Rocks have been used throughout history for buildings, weapons, tools, and in art.

4. Types of Rocks There are three main categories of rocks Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic

5. Igneous Rocks (ig-nee-us)

6. Igneous is from Latin, meaning “born of fire”.
Igneous rocks
Igneous rocks: rocks formed when magma or lava cools and hardens.
Igneous is from Latin, meaning “born of fire”.

7. Lava is found on the surface, magma is found underground.

8. Igneous rocks
Intrusive: forms below the surface when magma cools slowly.
It has large crystals (granite).

9. Igneous rocks
Extrusive: formed when lava cools quickly on the surface of the Earth.
Crystals are small (obsidian and basalt)

10. Igneous-examples and uses
Granite: buildings, bridges, and counters
Basalt : gravel
Obsidian: knives

11. Famous Igneous Rocks Giants Causeway Stonehenge Sugarloaf Mtn.
Easter Island

12. The black stone
Mt. Rushmore
Mt. Fuji
Machu Picchu

13. Sedimentary Rocks (said-ah-men-tarry)

14. Sedimentary rocks
Sediments: loose materials, such as rock fragments, mineral grains, and the remains of once living organisms
Sediments are moved by wind, water, ice, or gravity.

15. Sedimentary rocks
Sedimentary: rock formed when sediments are compacted and cemented together. Rock may feel grainy or sandy and weak.

16. Sedimentary rocks
Many fossils are found in sedimentary rocks.

17. Sedimentary-examples and uses
Sandstone: building materials
Limestone: used to make cement

18. Famous Sedimentary Rocks
Monument Valley
Angkor Wat
Uluru (Ayers Rock)
Chichen Itza
Sphinx
Haolong Bay

19. Metamorphic Rocks (met-ah-more-fic)

20. Metamorphic rocks
Metamorphic: rock that forms when heat, pressure, or chemicals act on a rock to change its form or composition. Layers are often seen in these rocks.
Limestone into marble
Granite into Gneiss

21. Metamorphic rocks
Pressure and heat squish the rock into interesting patterns
Marble Quarry

22. Metamorphic-example and uses
Marble: buildings and sculptures
Slate: flooring, roofing, walkways, and chalkboards

23. Famous Metamorphic Rocks
Parthenon
Trevi Fountain
Taj Mahal

24. Review What is the difference between a mineral and a rock?
Minerals have specific chemical compositions, rocks are a random assortment of materials
Rocks can have organic materials (shells and plants) mixed in
Rocks may not have a crystal structure
VS.

25. What are the three types of rocks?
Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic

26. Rock Cycle

27. Rock Cycle
Rock cycle: a model that describes how rocks slowly change from one rock type to another rock type over time.

28. Rock Cycle

29. Rock Cycle
Changes to rocks occur due to melting, cooling, weathering and erosion, compaction and cementation, and heat and pressure.

30. The diagram shows the three types of rock and the processes that form them. This process is called ____.
Lava and ____ can cool to become igneous rocks.
Heat and pressure can turn sedimentary or _____ into metamorphic rocks.
Metamorphic rock can ____ and then cool to become igneous rock.
Weathering and erosion break igneous rock and other types of rock into smaller pieces called ___.

31. Melting cooling Magma Igneous Metamorphic Sedimentary Heat & Pressure
Compacting &Cementation
Sedimentary
Melting
cooling
Magma
Igneous
Heat & Pressure
Weather & erode
Metamorphic

32. Process of the rock cycle
Melting rock to form magma or lava
Usually happens deep underground

33. Processes of the Rock Cycle
Cooling of lava to form igneous rock

34. Weathering and erosion work together to wear down and carry away rocks on Earth’s surface

35. Physical Weathering
Rock is physically broken down into smaller pieces

36. Chemical Weathering
The process that breaks down rock through chemical changes.

37. Erosion moves rock particles using four different methods

38. Processes of the Rock Cycle
Sediments compact and cement together to form sedimentary rock.

39. Heat and Pressure form metamorphic rock

40. Rock Cycle Quiz
How does one rock change into another? Use your rock cycle chart to figure it out!

41. 1. Igneous to sediments? Weathering and erosion
Is there another path that could occur?

42. 2. Sedimentary rock to Metamorphic?
Heat and pressure

43. 3. Igneous Rock to Magma?
Melting

44. 4. Igneous Rock to Metamorphic?
Heat and pressure

45. 5. Igneous Rock to Sedimentary Rock?
Weather and erode into sediments
Sediments compact and cement into sedimentary rock.

46. 6. Metamorphic Rock into Sedimentary Rock?
Weather and erode into sediments
Sediments compact and cement into sedimentary rock.

47. 7. Sedimentary Rock to Igneous Rock?
Sedimentary rock undergoes heat and pressure to become Metamorphic rock, then it melts to become magma, then cools to become Igneous rock. OR
Sedimentary rock melts into magma then cools into Igneous rock

48. The End of Rocks!

49. Famous Rocks around the World