Spatially Resolved High Resolution X-Ray Crystal Spectrometry and Radiation Tolerant 2D X-Ray Imaging Schemes for ICF Plasmas including NIF Ignition Experiments Continuously spatially resolved high resolution x-ray spectra Simple – 1 spherically bent crystal and 1 2D detector Has revolutionized physics of self-generated flows and thermal transport in tokamaks Mature diagnostic – deployed on 7 spectrometers in 4 countries Primary diagnostic for ion temperature and rotation profiles on ITER We are doing the ITER conceptual design Will work for HED plasmas Would allow extensive shielding against neutrons for NIF ignition experiments Two dimensional x-ray imaging Matched pair of spherical crystals 10,000 times larger solid angle than pinhole imager Magnification possible Will allow extensive shielding of line-of-sight neutrons and detector for NIF ignition High efficiency of x-ray detection – no conversion losses 1

Spherically bent crystal wavelength-disperses x rays horizontally and images them vertically Bragg relation  =2d sin  ) Spherically bent crystal Rotational axis of symmetry Sagittal focal line C-Mod spectral image Vertical focus f m =R sin 

Astigmatism can be eliminated by using a matched pair of spherically bent crystals object image Concave crystal convex crystal convex-concave pair provides magnification Schemes tested in visible light. To be tested with x rays.

1D imaging x-ray spectrometer and 2D x-ray imager with spherical crystals can be well shielded against NIF neutrons K. W. Hill OLUG 4/20124