Collecting Passenger Mobility and Road Traffic Data – the need for EU Harmonised national surveys Ştefania PANAITESCU Forum for Sustainable Mobility and Metropolitan Development November 2013, Oradea

Passenger mobility Transport of passengers by any mode of transport and irrespective of purpose of travel or distance travelled Forum for Sustainable Mobility and Metropolitan Development November 2013, Oradea 2

Recent developments in EU's Transport policy the White Paper Targets DG MOVE is the policy DG of the EC with regard to the Transport Policies of the Union. The 2011 White Paper on Transport - Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area - Towards a competitive and resource efficient transport system sets clear targets regarding the reduction of GHG and congestion by 2030 and then by Forum for Sustainable Mobility and Metropolitan Development November 2013, Oradea 3

The 2011 White Paper strategy 4 “i”s, 40 actions and 10 goals nternal market: Create a genuine Single European Transport Area by eliminating all residual barriers between modes and national systems. nnovation : EU research needs to address the full cycle of research, innovation and deployment in an integrated way. nfrastructure : EU transport infrastructure policy needs a common vision and sufficient resources. The costs of transport should be reflected in its price in an undistorted way. nfrastructure : EU transport infrastructure policy needs a common vision and sufficient resources. The costs of transport should be reflected in its price in an undistorted way. nternational : Opening up third country markets in transport services, products and investments continues to have high priority.

Actual challenges for transport sector Growing congestion (not only in Urban areas) Oil scarcity and corresponding price increase Greenhouse Gases and climate change

If we stick to the business as usual… In 2050: - The oil dependence of transport might still be little below 90%; - Renewable energy sources use would only marginally exceed 10% use; - CO2 emissions would remain one third higher than their 1990 level; - Congestion costs could increase by about 50%; - Accessibility gap between central and peripheral areas might widen; - Social costs of accidents and noise would increase.

A change is needed! Transport has to use less and cleaner energy, better exploit (a more modern) infrastructure. How to do it? New technologies for vehicles and traffic management to lower transport emissions and reduce congestion; Greater integration between modal networks to provide efficient multimodal travel options.

While in urban environments Cities suffer most from congestion, poor air quality and noise exposure. Urban transport is responsible for a quarter of CO 2 emissions! - A higher share of travel by collective transport will allow for increasing density and frequency of service, thus generating a virtuous circle for public transport modes! - Smaller, lighter, more specialized road vehicles, with new engine technologies (electric, hydrogen, hybrids) should be encouraged! Both leading to halving the use of "conventionally fuelled" vehicles in cities by 2030 (phase out by 2050).

The role of monitoring Given the relevance of those challenges it's extremely important to have statistical indicators to assess the actual situation and its future evolution: - How can we measure passenger mobility in urban areas? - How can we measure the use of non-conventionally fuelled cars like hybrids, electric and hydrogen cars, that are considered fundamental to overcome our future challenges? - How can we assess the modal split in the urban environment? - How can we assess the modal split for the medium distance? - How can we monitor those future trends on transport?

Transport Statistical needs for policy making

Current statistical needs - Activity-based statistics on GHG emissions broken down for all modes of transport. - Statistics on Passenger mobility and road traffic data and performance – HARMONISED AT UNION LEVEL – role of EUROSTAT to harmonise the National Travel Surveys - Data on transit passenger in all modes in order to have a complete view of transport activity within European Countries.

The role of EU in harmonisation of surveys on the example of data collection on passenger mobility and road traffic Strategic Context Policy Goals:The 2011 White Paper on Transport Transport planning, safety, environment Needs:Monitoring trends in passenger mobility (PM) and road traffic (RT) volume Problem:Intensified demand for data about PM and RT to be able to solve congestion and pollution Challenge: Comparability at union level Forum for Sustainable Mobility and Metropolitan Development November 2013, Oradea 12

Forum for Sustainable Mobility and Metropolitan Development November 2013, Oradea 13

14 Number of survey variables covered by each country

SHANTI – Survey HArmonisation with New Technologies Improvement 20 European countries + IL + AUS WG1 Methods and tools WG2 Use of new technologies WG3 Vehicle-based surveys WG4 Household travel surveys

Overview of EU NTSs „There is a mobility data treasure in Europe…“

Agenda „There‘s a mobility data treasure in Europe….  Overview of EU NTSs …waiting to seized with suitable approaches.  The great potential of ex- post harmonization However, information gaps remain or emerge….  Challenges in the data scape …asking for new surveys, methods, & technologies.“  Recommendations for future activities

In large parts of Europe, recent NTS data is available. Most recent NTS After – 2005 Before 2000

In large parts of Europe, long NTS time series exist. First NTS before after 2000

20 Thank You for Your attention

21 National passenger mobility surveys CountryResponsible organisationTitle of surveyYear of most recent implementation Survey covers all modes of transport (car, bus, etc.) AustriaFederal Ministry of Transport, Innovation and Technology Austrian mobility survey1995 BelgiumFederal services of the Scientific, Technical and Cultural Affairs Belgian national mobility survey2011 BulgariaNational Statistical InstituteNational survey on passenger traffic by buses and coaches 2010  CyprusStatistical services of CyprusShort distance passenger mobility in Cyprus 2008 Czech Republic Czech Statistical OfficePopulation and Housing Census2001 DenmarkDanish Transport Research Institute National Travel Survey (TU)2008 EstoniaStatistics EstoniaUse of passenger cars2006  FinlandMinistry of Transport and Communications Finish National Travel Survey2005

22 National passenger mobility surveys CountryResponsible organisationTitle of surveyYear of most recent implementation Survey covers all modes of transport (car, bus, etc.) FranceINSEE for MEEDDATNational survey on transport and displacements  -Follow-up of the tourism demand of French people - GermanyMinistry for Transport, Building and Housing Mobility in Germany (MiD)2008 German Mobility Panel (MOP)2007 -Kraftverkehr in Deutschland2002 HungaryHungarian Central Statistical Office Passenger mobility survey2009  IrelandCentral Statistics OfficeNational Travel Survey2009 LatviaCentral Statistical Bureau of Latvia Mobility survey of Latvian population 2008

23 National passenger mobility surveys CountryResponsible organisationTitle of surveyYear of most recent implementation Survey covers all modes of transport (car, bus, etc.) LiechtensteinAmt für StatistikCensus NetherlandsStatistics NetherlandsDutch Travel Survey (OViN)2010 NorwayInstitute of Transport Economics Norwegian personal travel survey 2009 PortugalNational Statistical InstitutePortuguese medium and long distance mobility survey 1998 RomaniaRomanian National Institute of Statistics Transport by passenger cars2009  Passengers’ mobility survey2005  National Institute of Statistics Residents’ touristic demand2006

24 National passenger mobility surveys CountryResponsible organisationTitle of surveyYear of most recent implementation Survey covers all modes of transport (car, bus, etc.) SlovakiaStatistical Office of the Slovak Republic Annual survey of transport2005 Quarterly sampling survey of trips 2006 Ministry of transport, post and telecommunication of the Slovak Republic Annual survey of passenger transport by bus via territory Slovakia 2006  SpainMinistry of Public WorksMOVILIA2007 SwedenTransport analysisSwedish National Travel Survey (RES) SwitzerlandSwiss Federal Statistical Office Mircocensus on travel behaviour TurkeyTURKSTATPassenger Mobility Survey2010 UKDepartment for TransportNational Travel Survey (NTS)2009