World War II ( ) Chapter 26

Seeds of World War II Treaty of Versailles Treaty of Versailles Great Depression Great Depression League of Nations League of Nations Appeasement Appeasement Military buildup Military buildup Leaders Leaders Leaders

Fascist dictators Benito Mussolini & Adolf Hitler

Rise of Adolf Hitler Rise of Adolf Hitler Hitler became Chancellor of Germany Hitler became Chancellor of Germany Hitler’s goals: Hitler’s goals: 1) Lebensraum 2) rearmament 3) racial purity 4) economic recovery

Nazi Party 100k members in 1929/ over a million by end of k members in 1929/ over a million by end of 1933 Unemployment- 6 mil in 1932 / 500k in 1937 Unemployment- 6 mil in 1932 / 500k in 1937

Path to War & appeasement Hitler renounces Treaty Hitler renounces Treaty - builds air force & military - builds air force & military Hitler sends troops into Rhineland Hitler sends troops into Rhineland

1938- Germany annexes Austria Hitler announces plans to annex Northern Czechoslovakia Hitler announces plans to annex Northern Czechoslovakia

Munich Conference, 1938 allies give in to Hitler’s demand allies give in to Hitler’s demand - Chamberlain states: “peace in our time” - Chamberlain states: “peace in our time” - Hitler takes rest of Czech state - Hitler takes rest of Czech state - failure of appeasement - failure of appeasement

1939 Pact of Steel Pact of Steel nonaggression pact nonaggression pact defense pact defense pact

Out break of WWII Hitler invades Poland ( )/ Blitzkrieg Hitler invades Poland ( )/ Blitzkrieg Britain & France declare war on Germany Britain & France declare war on Germany

Hitler invades France (May 1940)

France falls in 6 weeks ( ) France falls in 6 weeks ( ) British evacuate Dunkirk (330k) British evacuate Dunkirk (330k) ©2004 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning ™ is a trademark used herein under license.

Militarism in Japan Japan aggression in Asia invaded China invaded China - U.S. threatens economically / L.O.N. - U.S. threatens economically / L.O.N.

Militarism in Japan (continue) Japan invades Indochina Japan invades Indochina - conquered Thailand, Burma & Philippines (1940) - conquered Thailand, Burma & Philippines (1940)

Japanese Empire

Battle of Britain, August 1940 air invasion of Britain air invasion of Britain Luftwaffe Luftwaffe 12k tons of bombs dropped in cities 12k tons of bombs dropped in cities Outcome Outcome

Royal Air Force

Operation Barbarossa June 22, 1941 Hitler postpones invasion of Britain Hitler postpones invasion of Britain turns to Russia (lebensraum) turns to Russia (lebensraum)

Soviet Union Germany 5 million Troops 5 million Troops 8,000 Air Craft 8,000 Air Craft 24,000 Tanks 24,000 Tanks 20,000 Guns 20,000 Guns Hitler believed he could defeat soviet union in 6 weeks. Why? Hitler believed he could defeat soviet union in 6 weeks. Why? 3.5 million 3.5 million 2,770 2,770 3,300 3,300 7,000 7,000

©2004 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning ™ is a trademark used herein under license. Stalingrad: Turning point in the east

America in WWII US policy of isolation US policy of isolation - neutrality laws - neutrality laws Did America’s neutrality appease aggressors? Did America’s neutrality appease aggressors?

Pearl HarborPearl Harbor (p. 678) Pearl Harbor How was Japanese expansion curved by U.S. presence in pacific? How was Japanese expansion curved by U.S. presence in pacific? When does US neutrality comes to an end? When does US neutrality comes to an end? What happened at Pearl Harbor? What happened at Pearl Harbor? What was Japan’s misfortune? What was Japan’s misfortune? What happened on December 8? What happened on December 8?

“I fear all we have done is awaken the sleeping giant and filled him with terrible resolve”-Yamamota

Pearl Harbor (continue) US entrance is turning point of WWII US entrance is turning point of WWII America’s two front war America’s two front war

Japanese internment camps

Women at work WWII, pg

Rosie the riveter A real “Rosie” at work

Battle of Midway June Pacific war June Pacific war U.S. naval success U.S. naval success destroyed 4 Japanese carriers destroyed 4 Japanese carriers Japan’s empire begins to shrink Japan’s empire begins to shrink

Operation Overlord D-Day June 6, 1944 Long awaited 2 nd front Long awaited 2 nd front - Eisenhower - Eisenhower Goal Goal History’s greatest naval invasion History’s greatest naval invasion - Higgins boat - Higgins boat - weather - weather

D-Day (continue) costly and successful attack costly and successful attack 2 million troops in France within 3 months 2 million troops in France within 3 months Paris liberated by August, 1944 Paris liberated by August, 1944 Importance of eastern front Importance of eastern front

Hitler’s last attempt Battle of the Bulge Battle of the Bulge Largest land battle involving U.S. Largest land battle involving U.S. 500k Americans 500k Americans (200k causalities) (200k causalities) Germany begins to retreat Germany begins to retreat

End of Nazi Germany German army collapses (03/1945) German army collapses (03/1945) Allies occupy Berlin (04/1945) Allies occupy Berlin (04/1945) Hitler’s death ( ) Hitler’s death ( ) Germany surrenders (5.5.45) Germany surrenders (5.5.45)

Collapse of Germany May 7, 1945

End of Japan’s Pacific Empire US takes Iwo Jima & Philippines (1945) US takes Iwo Jima & Philippines (1945) Empire collapses/ no retreat no surrender Empire collapses/ no retreat no surrender FDR dies/ Truman/ A- bomb FDR dies/ Truman/ A- bomb US demands Japan’s surrender US demands Japan’s surrender - consequences of ground invasion - consequences of ground invasion - decision to use Atomic bomb - decision to use Atomic bomb ©2004 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning ™ is a trademark used herein under license.

Atomic Bomb Aug 6, A-bomb dropped on Hiroshima Aug 8- Sovs invade Manchuria Aug 9- A-bomb on Nagasaki

V-J DAY Aug 15- Japan surrenders/ V-J Day WWII over

Post WWII Over 100 million causalities Over 100 million causalities Over 50 million deaths Over 50 million deaths Over 50 million deaths Over 50 million deaths Yalta Conference, 1945 Yalta Conference, 1945 Germany divided Germany divided United Nations created United Nations created

The big “three” at the Yalta Conference (Feb, 1945)

Conclusion of WWII Most devastating war in history Most devastating war in history Over 50 million killed in 6 years (20 million plus in Soviet Union) Over 50 million killed in 6 years (20 million plus in Soviet Union) Underlying cause of WWII? Underlying cause of WWII? WWII ends - Cold War begins WWII ends - Cold War begins

Holocaust Hitler believed that Jews, Gypsies, Negroes, and Homosexuals were all parasites trying to destroy the Aryan race. Hitler believed that Jews, Gypsies, Negroes, and Homosexuals were all parasites trying to destroy the Aryan race.

Holocaust Hitler in Power Hitler in Power - Nuremberg laws (1935) - Nuremberg laws (1935) Jan “Madagascar Solution” Jan “Madagascar Solution” - Jewish refugees turned away - Jewish refugees turned away “Final Solution” “Final Solution” - {extermination} - {extermination} - graves of Soviet Union & Poland - graves of Soviet Union & Poland - concentration camps - concentration camps 1. Auschwitz (poison gas / cremation) 1. Auschwitz (poison gas / cremation)

Holocaust (continue) Medical experiments Medical experiments 6 million Jews killed (90% of German Jews) 6 million Jews killed (90% of German Jews) 2 out of 3 European Jews killed during Holocaust 2 out of 3 European Jews killed during Holocaust 4 million Gypsies & other minorities killed 4 million Gypsies & other minorities killed

Nazi death camp

They came for the Communists, and I didn't object - For I wasn't a Communist; They came for the Socialists, and I didn't object - For I wasn't a Socialist; They came for the labor leaders, and I didn't object - For I wasn't a labor leader; They came for the Jews, and I didn't object - For I wasn't a Jew; Then they came for me - And there was no one left to object. - Martin Niemoller, German Protestant Pastor,