Data Transmission Suherman, PhD References: Many sources

1. Character Coding BinaryGlyphBinaryGlyphBinaryGlyphBinaryGlyphBinaryGlyphBinaryGlyph P ` p ! A Q a q " B R b r # C S c s $ D T d t % E U e u & F V f v ' G W g w ( H X h x ) I Y i y * : J Z j z ; K [ k { , < L \ l | = M ] m } > N ^ n ~ / ? O _ o ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) Other codes: ATASCII, PETSCII, ISO 8859, etc.

2. Interfacing Common ports and plugs USB PS/2 or Mini-DIN 6 DB-9 ETCETRA

2. Interfacing Universal Serial Bus (USB) Pin 1V CC (+5 V) Pin 2Data− Pin 3Data+ Pin 4Ground - USB 2.0 : maximum signaling rate of 480 Mbit/s (effective throughput up to 35 MB/s or 280 Mbit/s), USB3.0 upto 5Gbps. - Versi: 1.x, 2.0, 3.0, Sinyal di USB ditransmisikan dengan twisted-pair data cable dengan impedansi karakteristik 90Ω ±15% berlabel D+ and D−.Ω - Kecuali sistem USB 3.0, sistemnya adalah half duplex dengan level tegangan volt untuk ‘low’ dan volt untuk ‘high’ utk mode low bandwidth atau − mV dan mV untuk hi-bandwidth. - Line coding menggunakan NRZI USB to EthernetUSB to DB-x USB to PS/2

3. Data Transmission Contoh devices yang akan dihubungkan: Keyboard dengan konektor USB Keyboard displayer See: Two computers

3. Data Transmission Point to point connection : Wired, Jarak Dekat Paralel and serial port < 2m USB, maximum 5m Ethernet direct connection, maximum 100m Ethernet with hub/switch as a repeater, maximum 100m each hop

3. Data Transmission Point to point connection : Wired, Jarak Dekat USB link cable : Direct Cable Connection (DCC) Point to Point Protocol (PPP) digunakan. a program which supports data transfer using that cable must be used, typically, provided by the USB link cable manufacturer DCC juga tersedia untuk serial dan paralel ports

3. Data Transmission Point to point connection : Wired, Jarak Dekat Ethernet direct connection, maximum 100m Registered Jack (RJ) type 45, konektor standar digunakan untuk jaringan Ethernet (LAN) dengan cable kategori 5. Point to point connection tanpa Perantara, menggunakan hubungan Crossover. OS windows dapat dihubung kan, dengan setting tertentu. CSMA/CD digunakan.

3. Data Transmission Point to point connection : Wired, Jarak Dekat Ethernet dengan perantara, maximum 100m per hop Menggunakan straight cable Disebut dengan LAN (Local Area Network. CSMA/CD digunakan Usually use straight cable to connect different type of devices. This type of cable will be used most of the time and can be used to: 1) Connect a computer to a switch/hub's normal port. 2) Connect a computer to a cable/DSL modem's LAN port. 3) Connect a router's WAN port to a cable/DSL modem's LAN port. 4) Connect a router's LAN port to a switch/hub's uplink port. (Normally used for expanding network) 5) Connect two switches/hubs with one of the switch/hub using an uplink port and the other one using normal port.

3. Data Transmission Point to point connection : Wireless Infra Red Data Association (IrDA), maximum 1m Line of Sight (LOS) Range: standard: 1 m; low power to low power: 0.2 m; standard to low power: 0.3 m. Angle: minimum cone ±15° Speed: 2.4 kbit/s to 1 Gbit/s Modulation: baseband NRZ, NRZI, ASKbaseband Infrared Wavelength: nm

3. Data Transmission Point to point connection : Wireless Bluetooth, maximum 100m - Bluetooth operates in the range of 2400– MHz. - Bluetooth uses frequency-hopping spread spectrum channels. Each 1 MHz BW hops per second -Gaussian frequency-shift keying (GFSK), π/4- DQPSK and 8DPSK - Bluetooth v kbps, v Mbps, v3.0 24Mbps. Master Slave Radio

3. Data Transmission Point to multipoint (PMP) connection : Wireless Wireless Fidelity (WiFi), maximum indoor 46m, outdoor 92m, point to point >100km using baloon CSMA/CA digunakan Ad hoc and Infrastructure networks protocol Freq. (GHz) Bandwidth (MHz) Data rateData rate per stream (Mbit/s) Modulation a 5 206, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54OFDM 3.7 b2.4201, 2, 5.5, 11DSSS g2.4206, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54OFDMOFDM,DSSSDSSS

3. Data Transmission Point to multipoint (PMP) connection : Wireless WiMAX: Worldwide interoperability for Microwave Access: upto 50km Polling dan CSMA/CA digunakan WiMAX standard: e-2005,802.16d-2004, - Fast Fourier transform (FFT) - channel bandwidths 1.25 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz or 20 MHz. - Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA). - hybrid automatic repeat-request (HARQ) - Adaptive antenna systems (AAS) and MIMO technology - quality of service (QoS) GHz, 2.5 GHz and 3.5 GHz

3. Data Transmission Point to Point connection : Cellular networks 1997 – Delivery of digital wireless data and voice networks (2G): GSM and IS – WAP 1.0 specifications published – Camera phones introduced in Japanese market – Delivery of digital wireless data and voice enhanced networks (2.5G), GSM with GPRS and upgraded IS-95 (CDMA2000) with 1xRTT G technologies were introduced, Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), Enhanced GPRS (EGPRS) : 3G technology was introduced :EV-DO, EV-DV, HSUPA, HSDPA, 2008 — FCC no longer requires cellular providers to support analog service. Now - LTE and Advance LTE are popular issue to support 4G all-IP network Standalone: In the past, these used the PCMCIA, ExpressCard and Compact Flash. Now: USB-based modems. Integrated router: provide traditional networking interfaces such as Ethernet, USB and Wi-Fi. Smartphones: the phone has the same capabilities as a standalone modem.

3. Data Transmission Point to Point connection : Next? LTE LTE, an initialism of Long Term Evolution, marketed as 4G LTE, is a standard for wireless communication of high-speed data for mobile phones and data terminals. It is based on the GSM/EDGE and UMTS/HSPA network technologies.initialismwirelessGSMEDGEUMTSHSPA

4. Analysis? Attenuation, Signal distortion, Aliasing, Noise, Interferences, etc