Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment CADASTRE 2034 – POWERING LAND AND REAL PROPERTY A national strategy for cadastral reform and innovation brought to you by ICSM’s Permanent Committee on Cadastre (PCC)

Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment INTRODUCTION 1.Overview of ICSM and PCC 2.Setting the scene: technology and all that jazz 3.What / who is a surveyor? 4.Cadastre 2034: how ambitious is that? 5.Aspects of surveyors’ education (Fryer Mitchell Report) 6.Lunch

Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment ICSM Seven permanent sub-committees: Permanent Committee on Addressing (PCA) Permanent Committee on Cadastre (PCC) Permanent Committee on Geodesy (PCG) Permanent Committee on Topographical Information (PCTI) Permanent Committee on Geographical Names in Australasia (CGNA) Permanent Committee on Tides and Mean Sea Level (PCTMSL) Data Framework Technical Sub-Committee (DFTSC) Additional working groups

Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment PCC (AKA THE HANDSOME LOT) Australian State and Territory Surveyors General and Chief Surveyors, NZ Surveyor General Not many females in this august company… … could that be one of our problems? Hold that thought …

Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment

Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment

Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment “A cadastral system that enables people to readily and confidently identify the location and extent of all rights, restrictions and responsibilities related to land and real property.” A VISION FOR CADASTRE 2034

Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ICSM Chair asks: Do you agree with our view? Do you support the enduring principles we espouse? Are we moving in the right direction? Do our goals and objectives reflect your own aspirations? What can you contribute? Do we have your support?

CADASTRE The fundamental record of land parcels that supports tenure, ownership and land use CADASTRE The fundamental record of land parcels that supports tenure, ownership and land use ENDURING PRINCIPLES A set of enduring principles to preserve the essential components of the cadastre ENDURING PRINCIPLES A set of enduring principles to preserve the essential components of the cadastre VISION Recognises that knowledge about land is essential for wise decision making in a modern society and that this information must endure VISION Recognises that knowledge about land is essential for wise decision making in a modern society and that this information must endure Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment CADASTRE 2034 FRAMEWORK

OUTCOMES The required outcomes guide the governance, policy development, standards, research programs and the design of future systems ACTIONS AND INNOVATIONS Are benchmarked against the enduring principles to ensure essential components of the cadastre persist GOALS Define how we design, organise, access, operate and leverage the future cadastre Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment CADASTRE 2034 FRAMEWORK

Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment SETTING THE (SPATIAL) SCENE What kind of world do we live in? Very connected Mobile Data hungry Time poor (I want it now)

Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment TOP 10 EXISTING AND EMERGING DISRUPTIONS BROUGHT ON BY ADVANCING GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGY 1. Navigation From its early commercial adoption in the sailing community to ubiquitous access on our smartphones, the advent of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) has had a huge impact on the efficiency of travel. In a short time, we’ve gone from needing to purchase and decipher printed maps – and to often ask for directions from locals – to having our devices guide us along our way. 2. Real-time Location The use of real-time location for delivering advertising information has been a long-explored area that is just coming into its own with hyperlocal marketing. We can expect more apps and services taking advantage of connecting us to what we want and trading upon our actions associated with our location. 3. Monitoring While GPS guides us, it also creates a record of where we’ve been or can report our current location. The ability to monitor moving assets – such as fleet management – has had impressive impacts on the trucking industry and other fleet operators for improved dispatch and fuel efficiency across the fleet. The ability to monitor is also making its way into the consumer’s vehicle with such approaches as use- based insurance — where you’re charged for the miles actually travelled.

Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment 4. Virtual Tours With much of the world recently mapped from satellite images and street-view cameras, there are an increasing number of applications and services that trade on this virtual reality capture to guide us to things that we’re after. Beyond just an accurate and updated map are those that build data and services on top of that data, such as the real estate information provider Zillow with its property listing details and connections to realtors. This mapping platform, and the ability to preview properties, has had a dramatic impact on how we search for homes. With greater precision and more frequent updates made possible by expanding sensor networks, we can expect more tours for different pursuits as well as new tour and discovery oriented services. 5. Surveying No geospatial segment has been as disrupted by technology advancements as has the surveying industry. Surveyors have tools that greatly speed and ease their collection methods, and yet the increasing ease of use and access has eroded some of their traditional business. The area of machine control has been the most disruptive with a detailed model of the landscape, coupled with precise GPS on earth movers eliminating the need for staking of new development. The laser technologies of LiDAR have been disruptive as well, because detailed scans eliminate the need for repeat visits to capture different elements of existing infrastructure. Drones may mark the end of surveying as we know it, with autonomous mapping at great accuracy and resolution. (Their words not mine!) TOP 10 EXISTING AND EMERGING DISRUPTIONS BROUGHT ON BY ADVANCING GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGY

Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment 6. Field Data Connections The asset management market where GIS has most users has been gradually eroding the distinction between what can be accessed in the office versus what we can take to the field … 7. Free and Open Data The growing move to make geospatial data free and openly available online is a disruption that greatly increases government transparency. While it’s an enabler … it’s also a disruptor for companies that have traded upon the difficulty of gathering and aggregating this data. See more at: 8. Precision Prescriptions Mapping existing conditions and prescribing plans to improve upon them is a recurring pattern that exists in urban planning, business trade areas, precision agriculture and elsewhere. This capacity trades on spatial analysis…. As data availability increases, our ability to prescribe and forecast improves … 9. Wearable Computers The ability for heads-up display of data is fueled largely by the desire to visualise geospatial technology, delivering details in context of existing reality. This is a game changer for a wide number of industries. 10. Advantage Earth With increasing sensors taking a look at our planet, we're gaining an increasing understanding of Earth systems, and there will be no place for bad environmental actors to hide … TOP 10 EXISTING AND EMERGING DISRUPTIONS BROUGHT ON BY ADVANCING GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGY

Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM 2014 The Issue Digital technology is transforming every aspect of life at breakneck speed. Half a billion smartphone users today will increase to 4-5 billion in six months. Customer demand for more bandwidth is exploding daily. The integration of cloud, mobile and sensor-driven technologies is rapidly creating a more direct and personalised relationship between customer and vendor. And this is just the beginning. From “a new digital context, a new ideas context” is emerging, and 2014 will be “the year of the crossover.” We stand at the threshold of a revolution that will transform business models, redefine the legal environment and lead to the evolution of social norms. … says John T. Chambers Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Cisco, USA

Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment New data access frameworks provide opportunities for new punters and seasoned users to dramatically increase the use of spatial information

Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment Where are the surveyors and what are we doing? What and who is a surveyor? Traverse issue 293, just released International Federation of Surveyors (FIG) Definition … pretty long Surveying Task Force Definition and sales pitch to a younger audience … good stuff Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) Other definitions … So …

Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment American Congress on Surveying and Mapping (ACSM) Quite well-aligned with the FIG definition and a good precis of various aspects of surveying, but still ANOTHER definition Wikipedia A good definition of surveying for the everyman (Glenn’s words), but still ANOTHER definition… Institution of Surveyors Victoria (ISV) Article 20: Qualifications for Membership a) b) c) d) e) f) g) …

Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment Glenn Collins’ comments and conclusion “Well this is disappointing. We are all about membership qualifications and not much else. In fact, in the context of the preceding contemporary definitions, the membership qualifications of the Institution of Surveyors are restrictive and misaligned with current expectations and professional options.” Glenn continues “If the Institution is to grow its membership then it must become more inclusive. By any accepted definition of a Surveyor, the cadastral practitioner is a subset of the whole. Surveyors should strive to “fill the space between science and art” and it is time for the Institute to contemplate its place in the market. Do we want to remain a subset of the whole or broaden our horizons to become the whole?”

Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment 1903

Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment WHO DID SURVEYORS THINK THEY WERE IN 1903? Surveyor, n 3. One who surveys or measures land; one who practices the art of surveying. Surveying, That branch of applied mathematics which teaches the art of determining the area of any portion of the earth’s surface, the lengths and directions of the bounding lines, the contour of the surface, with an accurate delineation of the whole on paper; the art or occupation of making surveys. Webster’s International Dictionary, 1903 Noah Webster

Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment The Australian Surveyor, March 1956 Address by Retiring President “… the other rule that seems to be broken so often is, of course, relative to the observance of the scale of fees adopted or approved by the Institution. … If we all openly competed for the work at lower rates where would we all finish? Obviously, by working for an inadequate reward, but worse still, by doing bad work, and I regret to state that quite a lot of the work being done today leaves a lot to be desired, partly, I feel, for that reason.” WHO DID SURVEYORS THINK THEY WERE IN 1956? “All the foregoing points are but some of the troubles which beset the profession, and have done for many years.” “There are also proposed amendments to the Surveyors’ Act… which, if introduced, could help very considerably with our problems.”

Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment “However no amount of Regulations or alteration to Acts of Parliament can really offset the effects of moral and intellectual apathy. The status of any profession must in the long run rest on the moral integrity of the vast majority of its members. No profession is without its black sheep.’ (!) The Australian Surveyor, March 1956 WHO DID SURVEYORS THINK THEY WERE IN 1956? “…It may be argued that the ordinary professional man is rather removed from the propositions of modern science in his daily work, and is unable to make any contribution himself. This, of course, can be easily refuted. There is an obligation on every member of a profession to extend his knowledge, and that of others, by intelligent reading, writing and advanced study.” The clincher... “Science has thrown down the challenge. Let us respond boldly as our fathers did when they thrust out into the vast, unknown land. There is no room for complacency in this age (!) The Australian Surveyor, September 1956

Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment SO WHY ALL THIS HISTORY? We have spent way too much time over the last 60 years (or more) looking inwards – at ourselves OUR BIGGEST CHALLENGE is our lack of organisational cohesion: we are still fractured and do not yet speak with one voice to decision-makers Our biggest challenges are NOT technological – we do technology well We have to reverse that tendency

Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment DESPITE ALL THIS Surveyors – particularly cadastral surveyors – are a unique bunch with unique (if little understood) skills We straddle the divide between geodesy and the cadastre That divide is called the Common Law

Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment FRYER MITCHELL REPORT Prepared for CRSBANZ Interesting observations on the unique place of the surveyor

Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment SO BACK TO CADASTRE 2034 This documents seeks to establish the primacy of the cadastre in Australia and New Zealand. It is important to note that we don’t have a broken cadastre – in fact many other countries envy what we have. It is simply that the unprecedented convergence of technology and community mobility is going to demand new requirements of the cadastre. So, given all the challenges that have been outlined...

Information and Land Services Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment ARE WE UP FOR IT ????