SPONGE 1.List one thing a pregnant mother should or should not do to keep her unborn baby healthy. 2.Describe one way that a baby changes between the time it is born and when he starts school (besides getting bigger.) Growth and Development, Day 1

Growth and Development Section 1: Early Development

The Building Blocks of Life Cells are the smallest living part of your body. Every living thing is made of cells. Every cell in your body does a specific job. Cells that do similar jobs are called tissues. –Skin –Muscle –Bone

The Building Blocks of Life Organs are body parts that do a particular job. Organs are made up of several kinds of tissues. –Heart –Brain –Lungs A body system is a group of organs that work together to perform a body function. What do these systems do? –Circulatory system –Nervous system –Respiratory system

Factors that Determine Health –Remember that often times a parent will pass traits on to a child, and that this is called heredity. –Inside your cells’ nucleus are chromosomes. Chromosomes are threadlike structures that carry genes. –Every cell in your body has 23 pairs of chromosomes in its nucleus. –Everyone’s chromosomes have a part that determines your gender. There are X chromosomes and Y chromosomes.

Factors that Determine Health Your mother always gives you X chromosomes. Your father can give you either X or Y chromosomes. –If he gives you X chromosomes, you will become a female (XX) –If he gives you Y chromosomes, you will become a male (XY) The traits you will receive from your parents are determined by what genes you are given. –Genes are tiny bits of matter that control which traits will pass from your parents to you.

Growth and Development The human body begins when a female’s egg cell is fertilized by a sperm cell in the fallopian tubes. The fertilized cell is called an embryo for the first nine weeks. The embryo will travel to the uterus where it will attach to the uterine wall. There it will divide and grow.

Growth and Development Once attached, the embryo will grow a placenta and an umbilical chord. The placenta provides blood, oxygen and nutrients to the embryo through the umbilical chord. The umbilical chord also takes waste from the embryo’s body into the mother’s blood stream.

Growth and Development As the embryo divides and grows, parts of its body begin to look familiar, like arm buds and eyeballs. However, early embryo’s resemble tadpoles. They have a tail in their fifth week! After 9 weeks in the uterus the developing baby is called a fetus.

What an unborn baby is like at… The first trimester: –The embryo’s heart begins to beat in the first month. –The embryo grows up to three inches long. –Arms, fingers and toes begin to form in the second month.

What an unborn baby is like at… The second trimester: –The fetus grows from 3 to 13 inches –Eyelashes and nails appear –The baby can move and cry –Footprints appear

What an unborn baby is like at… The third trimester: –Eyes open –Arms and legs move freely –Hair gets longer –Skin becomes smoother –The fetus grows up to 20 inches

Human Development Project Create a poster that shows and describes the development of a human in the womb. Your assignment is to make 2 drawings of an unborn baby at different stages of a pregnancy. Below the picture you will record three interesting facts about how the unborn baby is developing in the stages you have chosen.

Human Development At this stage, the embryo has… At this stage, the fetus has… Week 6 Week 37