- Unit VI - IAS Specimen Collection, Identification, and Preservation Rebecca M. Westbrooks Randy G. Westbrooks Steven Manning Global Invasive Species Programme Cape Town, South Africa

GISP Prevention Training Course. Day Five – 15 December, Field Trip Evaluation. (Sandy Johnson) Field Trip Evaluation. (Sandy Johnson) Unit 6 - IAS Specimen Collection and Identification. (Becky Westbrooks) Unit 6 - IAS Specimen Collection and Identification. (Becky Westbrooks) Unit 7 – IAS Decisionmaking Tools, IAS Risk Assessment (Randy Westbrooks) Unit 7 – IAS Decisionmaking Tools, IAS Risk Assessment (Randy Westbrooks) Tea Tea Unit 7 Lab Exercise - Weed Risk Assessment – Beach Vitex Unit 7 Lab Exercise - Weed Risk Assessment – Beach Vitex Basic Elements of a National IAS Prevention Strategy. (Steve Manning) Basic Elements of a National IAS Prevention Strategy. (Steve Manning) The Way Forward - Workshop Summary and Next Steps for IAS Collaboration and Partnering in Eastern, Central, and Southern Africa. (Lynn Jackson, Becky Westbrooks, Steve Manning, Randy Westbrooks) The Way Forward - Workshop Summary and Next Steps for IAS Collaboration and Partnering in Eastern, Central, and Southern Africa. (Lynn Jackson, Becky Westbrooks, Steve Manning, Randy Westbrooks) Goodbyes, Pictures, Contact Directory Goodbyes, Pictures, Contact Directory.

Specimen Collection and ID 6.1. Specimen Collection Guidelines 6.1. Specimen Collection Guidelines Wild Populations – Minimal # of Specimens Wild Populations – Minimal # of Specimens Port Collections – Adequate # Specimens for Identification Port Collections – Adequate # Specimens for Identification 6.2. Specimen ID Resources 6.2. Specimen ID Resources Numerous Online Resources (Textbook P. 170) Numerous Online Resources (Textbook P. 170)

6.3. Traditional Dichotomous Keys Series of Successive Couplets Series of Successive Couplets Couplet – Describes some Feature Couplet – Describes some Feature of Organism being Identified Couplet 1. Seeds RoundSoybean Couplet 1. Seeds RoundSoybean Seeds OblongGo to #2 Seeds OblongGo to #2 Couplet 2. Seeds WhiteNavy Beans Couplet 2. Seeds WhiteNavy Beans Seeds Black Cuban Black Beans Seeds Black Cuban Black Beans

6.4. Computer Assisted ID – Online Resources Arbor Day Foundation Arbor Day Foundation Tree ID Key Tree ID Key Amateur Entomology Key to Insect ID Amateur Entomology Key to Insect ID Earth Life Web Production Earth Life Web Production Online Key to Insect Orders Online Key to Insect Orders Lucid Online ID Keys Lucid Online ID Keys Numerous Online Keys for Insects, Plants, and etc. Numerous Online Keys for Insects, Plants, and etc. Lucid Key for U.S. Federal Noxious Weed Seeds (USDA APHIS) Lucid Key for U.S. Federal Noxious Weed Seeds (USDA APHIS) Lucid Key for Scale Insects (USDA APHIS) Lucid Key for Scale Insects (USDA APHIS)

6.5. Online Invasive Species Databases. Global Invasive Species Network Global Invasive Species Network Coordinated by USGS BRD Coordinated by USGS BRD Global Invasive Species Database Global Invasive Species Database World Conservation Unit – Invasive Species Specialist Group – Based in New Zealand World Conservation Unit – Invasive Species Specialist Group – Based in New Zealand Plants Database Plants Database USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service

6.6. DNA Bar Coding – Consortium for the Bar Code of Life (CBOL) Practical Methods for Rapid ID of the estimated 10 Million Species of Life of Earth Practical Methods for Rapid ID of the estimated 10 Million Species of Life of Earth Global Standard in Taxonomy – Especially for Non-Taxonomists Global Standard in Taxonomy – Especially for Non-Taxonomists 130 Member Organizations in 40+ Countries (Botanical Gardens, Zoos, Herbaria, etc.) 130 Member Organizations in 40+ Countries (Botanical Gardens, Zoos, Herbaria, etc.) Louisiana Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii)

Principles of DNA Bar Coding Short Gene Sequence from Standardized Region of the Genome Short Gene Sequence from Standardized Region of the Genome DNA Bar Coding – Outgrowth of Molecular Biology DNA Bar Coding – Outgrowth of Molecular Biology

6.7. Port ID Reference Collection Specimen Collection Specimen Collection Wild Populations Wild Populations Specimens Collected in the Port Specimens Collected in the Port Specimen Preparation Specimen Preparation Insects Insects Plants Plants Seeds Seeds

Plant Diseases Plant Diseases Photographs Photographs Aquatic Nuisance Species Aquatic Nuisance Species Preserved Specimens Preserved Specimens Photographs Photographs Dried Specimens Dried Specimens Injurious Wildlife Injurious Wildlife Mounted Specimens Mounted Specimens 6.7. Port ID Reference Collection Citrus Blackspot Disease General Beauregard Newton

Unknown Specimens Collected on Beach in Dar es Salaam, TNZ ?? Recommendation: Put in Quarantine and/or Fumigate until Positively Identified ?? ??