DIATOM PHYTOBENTHOS IN RIVERS OF WEL BASIN – PRELIMINARY RESULTS Joanna Picińska-Fałtynowicz INSTITUTE OF METEOROLOGY AND WATER MANAGEMENT WROCŁAW BRANCH, DEPARTMENT OF ECOLOGY Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

Diatom phytobenthos river types I – Mountain streams 1. Siliceous stream of Tatry Mts. 2. Calcareous stream of Tatry Mts. 3. Stream of Sudety Mts. V – Mid-altitude siliceous rivers 8. Small mid-altitude siliceous river 10. Medium mid-altitude siliceous river II – Mid-altitude calcareous streams 6. Mid-altitude calcareous stream with fine substratum 7. Mid-altitude calcareous stream with coarse substratum 12. Flysch stream VI – Lowland streams and small rivers 16. Lowland clayey or loess stream 17. Lowland sandy stream 18. Lowland gravely stream 23. Organic stream 26. River in a valley of large lowland river III – Mid-altitude siliceous streams 4. Mid-altitude siliceous stream with coarse substratum 5. Mid-altitude siliceous stream with fine substratum VII – Lowland rivers 19. Lowland sandy-clayey river 20. Lowland gravely river 24. River in a peat valley 25. River connecting lakes IV – Mid-altitude calcareous rivers 9. Small mid-altitude calcareous river 14. Small flysch river 15. Medium mid-altitude eastern river Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

PRETREATMENT AND MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS MICROSCOPIC EVALUATION - in light microscope with 1000 magnification using immersion objective 100x TAXONOMIC IDENTIFICATION – at least to a species level using standard literature (Krammer & lange-Bertalot 1986-1997) and other recent monographs COUNTING – 300-500 diatom valves should be counted in a permanent slifrom a sample RELATIVE ABUNDANCE of i-taxon in a sample: Li = Number of valves of taxoni / Number of all valves counted [300-500] Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

INDEX = S(LiAiWi)/S(LiWi) The TI and SI indices are calculated using a weighted formula of Zelinka & Marvan (1961): INDEX = S(LiAiWi)/S(LiWi) where: Li – relative abundance of i-taxon in a sample (within 300-500 valves counted ), Ai – value of sensitivity (optimum) of i-taxon, Wi – value of weight (tolerance) of i-taxon Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

The Trophic Index [TI]: Trophic values of indicator taxa: 0.3 – 3.9; Weight values of taxa: 1 – 5 The trophic status of a river according to TI: TI Trophic status < 1,0 Ultraoligotrophy 1,1-1,3 Oligotrophy 1,4-1,5 Oligo- mesotrophy 1,6-1,8 Mesotrophy 1,9-2,2 Meso- eutrophy 2,3-2,6 Eutrophy 2,7-3,1 Eu- politrophy 3,2-3,4 Politrophy > 3,4 Poli- hypertrophy Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

The Saprobic Index SI: The saprobic status of a river according to SI: Saprobic values of indicator taxa: 1.0 – 3.8 Weight values: 1 – 5 The saprobic status of a river according to SI: Community consists of taxa: SI Saprobic level Sensitive to organic pollution < 1,3 Oligosaprobic Weakly tolerant to organic pollution 1,4-1,7 Oligo- b-mesosaprobic Moderately tolerant to organic pollution 1,8-2,1 b-mesosaprobic Resistant to organic pollution Saprophiles 2,2-2,5 b-meso- a-mesosaprobic Saprobionts 2,6-3,0 a-mesosaprobic 3,1-3,4 a-meso- polisaprobic > 3,5 polisaprobic Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

The module of reference species [GR]: For overall assessment, a module reflecting deviation of species composition in comparison with reference community has been added. The module of reference species [GR]: GR = StRi where: tRi – relative abundance of i-reference taxon The GR values vary between 1 (all species in a sample are of reference character) and 0 (none species is a reference one) Groups of reference species: – for siliceous waters, – for calcareous waters, – for both siliceous and calcareous waters, – type-specific taxa for river groups I–VII Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

The IO values change from 1 (the best status) to 0 (the worst status). The diatom multimetric index IO is an arithmetic average of three modules: TI, SI and GR. As the TI and SI indices have different ranges, they were transformed according to Schaumburg et al. 2005 as follows: ZTI = 1–(TI*0.25) ZSI = 1–[(SI-1)*0.33] The values of ZTI and ZSI vary between 1 (the best quality) and 0 (the worst quality) and IO = (ZTI + ZSI + GR)/3 The IO values change from 1 (the best status) to 0 (the worst status). Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

CLASS BOUNDARIES for Polish river types Ecological status 1, 2, 3 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15 16, 17, 18, 23, 26 19, 20, 24, 25 High > 0.75 > 0.70 > 0.65 Good 0.55 0.50 Moderate 0.35 0.30 Poor 0.15 Bad < 0.15 Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

MATERIAL Two sampling campaignes: 27-29 April 2009 and 22-24 September 2009 Community sampled: epilithon A total of 38 samples collected Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

Physical and chemical variables of rivers water in 27-29. 04. 2009 Site Code Conduct 25oC pH TOC DOC Ptot SRP N-NO3 NO2+NO3 N-NO2 SiO2 Hardn Chlorides mS/cm mg/l mg/l PO4 mg/l N mgCaCO3/l WEL_01 465 8,17 3,98 3,36 0,138 0,225 2,03 2,05 0,016 10,9 236 10 WEL_02 448 7,97 6,71 5,30 0,174 0,202 1,15 1,19 0,037 11,0 238 7,9 WEL_04 363 8,02 5,54 5,44 0,113 0,128 0,15 0,16 0,012 5,75 183 9,9 WEL_05 361 7,98 4,89 4,12 0,184 0,105 0,29 0,31 0,017 6,30 177 7,4 WEL_06 371 8,08 5,20 4,38 0,116 0,059 0,04 0,003 10,8 200 9,3 WEL_07 7,75 6,94 6,66 0,190 0,076 0,06 0,08 0,020 8,30 180 8,8 WEL_08 476 7,85 9,97 8,23 0,195 2,23 2,28 0,054 6,35 249 13 WEL_09 386 7,80 6,54 5,86 0,205 0,117 5,19 5,23 0,040 7,62 185 11 WEL_10 8,21 6,25 5,94 0,106 0,099 0,36 0,38 7,45 190 9,8 WEL_11 401 7,72 6,58 6,28 0,142 0,160 0,48 0,51 0,032 7,90 201 12 WEL_12 459 8,09 3,25 3,22 0,084 0,038 0,77 0,78 0,007 16,0 244 6,6 WEL_13 436 8,07 2,71 2,35 0,172 0,99 1,00 15,4 6,8 WEL_14 410 8,26 4,56 4,52 0,162 0,183 0,33 0,35 0,019 11,1 216 9,1 WEL_15 403 1,57 0,80 0,169 0,73 8,15 224 WEL_16 469 8,13 6,74 1,16 0,156 0,131 1,68 1,70 0,018 247 WEL_17 451 8,35 1,46 0,79 0,168 0,207 1,99 2,01 9,67 235 WEL_18 529 8,32 7,93 4,41 0,114 0,104 1,49 1,52 0,027 9,57 263 WEL_19 505 8,47 6,53 4,73 0,096 0,140 3,59 3,61 0,025 8,22 248 WEL_20 412 8,29 5,50 4,16 0,136 0,122 0,66 0,68 5,47 222 Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

Physical and chemical variables of rivers water in 22-24. 09. 2009 Site Code Conduct 25oC pH TOC DOC Ptot SRP N-NO3 NO2+NO3 N-NO2 SiO2 Hardn Ca Chlorids mS/cm mg/l mg/l PO4 mg/l N mgCaCO3/l WEL_01 473 7,99 4,81 2,41 0,116 0,258 2,10 2,11 0,012 13,5 254 92 9,6 WEL_02 458 7,95 4,07 3,03 0,109 0,179 1,39 1,41 0,019 13,6 238 86 8,7 WEL_04 388 8,15 5,84 5,83 0,101 0,193 0,45 0,46 0,015 9,90 193 64 10 WEL_05 418 8,00 3,61 3,26 0,122 0,219 0,87 0,90 0,034 12,4 212 72 7,8 WEL_06 340 8,08 7,34 5,20 0,161 0,220 0,02 0,005 11,1 164 58 9,5 WEL_07 309 7,83 9,03 5,95 0,125 0,040 0,01 0,007 9,10 147 50 WEL_08 447 8,04 9,53 6,46 0,156 0,256 1,89 1,91 0,022 7,24 219 77 15 WEL_09 342 7,79 8,36 6,15 0,120 0,63 0,66 0,032 8,72 165 54 11 WEL_10 337 7,65 6,41 0,091 0,037 0,04 0,05 8,10 160 56 WEL_11 335 8,96 5,85 0,49 8,86 166 WEL_12 459 2,91 2,54 0,112 0,202 1,07 1,08 0,010 16,9 245 85 6,0 WEL_13 339 8,13 4,43 2,78 0,123 0,25 0,004 6,32 169 5,4 WEL_14 396 8,05 6,14 4,17 0,132 0,35 0,36 0,009 10,9 65 8,9 WEL_15 366 7,96 7,04 5,81 0,190 0,44 0,008 9,66 173 59 WEL_16 538 8,12 5,21 3,30 0,153 0,330 3,74 3,78 0,036 12,9 262 93 16 WEL_17 448 2,94 0,140 0,230 1,82 1,85 14,8 226 80 8,4 WEL_18 545 8,43 3,16 2,03 0,130 4,73 4,77 0,038 14,7 279 95 13 WEL_19 523 8,17 4,42 2,69 0,162 0,242 3,75 13,8 87 WEL_20 385 6,29 4,23 0,118 0,67 8,80 198 61 9,9 Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

PRELIMIARY RESULTS April 2009 Dominant and sub-dominant diatom species Achnanthidium minutissimum Nitzschia fonticola Nitzschia dissipata Navicula reichardtiana Navicula cryptotenella Meridion circulare Navicula lanceolata Pseudo- staurosira brevistriata Cymella compacta Navicula tripunctata Diatoma vulgaris Gomphonema olivaceum Amphora pediculus Staurosira construens Gomphonema micropus Gomphonema parvulum Staurosira pinnata Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

PRELIMIARY RESULTS April 2009 RIVER CODE SITE RIVER TYPE TI SI GR IO Status WEL WEL 01 FIUGAJKI 18 2,11 1,87 0,60 Good MAŁA WKRA WEL 02 Above Dąbrowa Mała Lake 2,53 1,58 0,82 0,66 RUMIENICA WEL 05 Above Rumian Lake 1,85 1,94 0,73 0,65 PŁOŚNICZANKA WEL 08 Inflow to Wel 17 2,56 2,00 0,68 0,57 Tributary fom MROCZNO WEL 12 1,86 1,74 0,94 0,74 High OUTFLOW from KIEŁPIŃSKIE LAKE WEL 13 2,27 1,98 0,44 0,52 KATLEWKA WEL 16 2,51 0,59 0,55 STRUGA WEL 17 Świniarc 2,84 1,78 0,53 PRĄTNICA WEL 18 Tuszewo 2,88 0,41 0,46 Moderate WEL 19 Linowiec 2,91 2,06 0,49 Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

PRELIMIARY RESULTS April 2009 River CODE SITE RIVER TYPE TI SI GR IO Status WEL WEL 04 SZCZUPLINY 25 1,82 1,92 0,99 0,74 High WEL 06 PRUSY 2,04 1,72 0,87 0,71 WEL 07 KOSZELEWKI 1,56 0,97 0,78 WEL 09 LIDZBARK a 2,34 1,79 WEL 10 LIDZBARK b 20 2,31 2,02 0,65 Good WEL 11 PIEKIEŁKO 2,23 2,01 0,92 0,68 WEL 14 STARE KORYTO 2,71 1,90 0,52 0,51 WEL 15 BAŁWANKA 2,44 0,58 WEL 20 JAKUBKOWO 2,72 1,98 0,86 0,62 Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

Assesement by diatom phytobenthos HIGH GOOD MODERATE POOR BAD Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund

Thank you for attention !!! Polsko-Norweski Fundusz Badań Naukowych / Polish-Norwegian Research Fund