Represented By Wendra Hartono S.T., MPA

Explain the concept of structure as it relates to questionaire Cite the drawbacks of using high degrees of structure. Explain what is meant by disguise in a questionaire context. Discuss two situations in which disguise might be desirable.

Differentiate among the main methods of administering questionnaires. Discuss three important aspects used to compare the four different methods of administering questionaire. Explain why sampling control is difficult with telephone interviews an how is problem can be overcome. List and discuss two types of internet based questionaires.

Three key decisions that researchers have to make regarding communication : 1. The degree of structure 2. Whether or not to disguise the questionaire 3. Which Method to use.

What are the advantage and disadvantage of higher degrees of structure? What do researchers gain through the use of lower structure? Answer : Advantages 1. Simple to administer. It’s relatively straightforward matter to conduct the interviews, send out the questionaires, distribute them via internet, and so on. 2. Simplifies data coding and analysis. 3. Associated with greater reliability or consistency, of the answer obtained. 4. Providing alternative responses, which often helps to make the question clear.

Continueed... Disadvantages 1. Fixed alternative questions may force a subject to respond a question on which he or she does not really have an opinion. 2. Prove inaccurate if none of the response categories allows the accurate expression of respondent’s opinion. 3. The response categories themselves may introduce bias if one of the probable responses is ommited because of an oversight or insufficient prior research.

Lower structure? Key words: High Structure : Fixed alternative questions Lower Structure : Open Ended Questions.

When disguise questions are useful?  Experimental resarch, because it makes natural environment for those participating. The ethics of disguise?  Using disguise means a violation of a respondent’s right to know why he is being asked to provide answers, how those answers will be used, and/or who will use the information. debriefing.  Respondents have to be given debriefing.

Personal Interviews. Telephone Interviews Mail Questionnaires. Internet based Questionnaires.