Fungi (Chapter 31). Pink ear rot of corn Figure 23-16.

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Presentation transcript:

Fungi (Chapter 31)

Pink ear rot of corn

Figure 23-16

Fungi Are they always a nuisance?

Mycotoxins: e.g., Aflatoxins from Aspergillus flavus And ergotism from Claviceps purpurea.

Amanita

Figure 25-12c

Budding yeast

Figure 24-7

Fungal production of an antibiotic

Decomposers Mycology: Study of Fungi

Fungi may be Saprobes (absorb nutrients from dead organic material) Parasites (absorb nutrients from live organic material

31.20 Examples of fungal diseases of plants: Black stem rust on wheat (left), ergots on rye (right)

Strawberries with Botrytis mold, a plant parasitic fungus

Fungi may be Saprobes (absorb nutrients from dead organic material) Parasites (absorb nutrients from live organic material) Mutualistic symbionts

31.16 Lichens

31.17 Anatomy of a lichen

Anatomy of a lichen Algal cells Fungus

Mycorrhizae: Fungus living in a mutualistic symbiosis with plant roots

31.19 An experimental test of the benefits of mycorrhizae (soybean plants)

31.1 Fungal mycelia

Septate hyphae (left) and nonseptate (coenocytic) hyphae (right)

31.2 Examples of fungal hyphae (chitin)

Fungi may be Saprobes (absorb nutrients from dead organic material) Parasites (absorb nutrients from live organic material) Mutualistic symbionts Predators

31.13 A fairy ring

31.3 Generalized life cycle of fungi

31.4 Phylogeny of fungi

Deuteromycetes (imperfect fungi) Fungi without known sexual stages that cannot (yet) be classified.

31.5 Chytridiomycota (chytrids)

31.4 Phylogeny of fungi

31.6 The common mold Rhizopus decomposing strawberries Conjugating Fungi

31.7 The life cycle of the zygomycete Rhizopus (black bread mold)

Young zygosporangium

Mature zygosporangium

Pilobolus

31.4 Phylogeny of fungi

Sac Fungi: Ascomycetes - Life cycle

Budding yeast

31.9. Ascomycetes (sac fungi) Scarlet cup TrufflesMorel

A moldy orange (left), Penicillium (right)

31.4 Phylogeny of fungi

31.12 The life cycle of a mushroom-forming basidiomycete

31.11 Basidiomycetes (club fungi): Greville's bolete (top left), turkey tail (bottom left), stinkhorn (right)

Death Cap (Amanita phalloides)Shaggy Mane (Coprinus comatus)

Gills (reproduction)

Table 31.1 Review of Fungal Phyla