Chapter 6 – World War I Section 1 – Neutrality to War Section 2 – The Home Front Section 3 – Wilson’s War

Jumpstart Assignment Which do you agree with and why? War should be avoided at all costs. War should be fought only to save the innocent. War is a noble pursuit. War should be used to gain territory and increase power.

What Caused WW1? Nationalism – devotion to one’s nation Many believed that a nation should express the nationalism of a single ethnic group. Alsace-Lorraine Social Darwinism – “survival of the fittest” d) Leading nations competing for resources/raw materials

Causes of WWI Militarism - glorification of military Countries race to stockpile weapons Increase the size of armies Technology advanced the deadlyness of weapons.

Causes of WWI Alliances – made countries reckless Triple Entente – Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy Triple Alliance – Great Britain, France, and Russia

Causes of WWI Assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand - heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary

Nature of War Chemical Warfare Banned in 1925

Nature of War Trench Warfare – dug trenches to hold position and stay out of artillery fire. What affect did trench warfare have on WWI? How could you advance on a trench?

America Enters the War Read Pages 176-178… What causes sent America “over there” to Europe to fight in WWI?

Jumpstart Assignment Should the US government be able to restrict your freedom of speech for any reason? Explain your opinion.

American Home Front Mobilizing for War Selective Service Act – authorized a draft of young men to help fight the war in Europe. War Industries Board – regulated all industries involved in the war effort. Committee on Public Information – had to convince Americans that the war effort was a just cause. Led by George Creel.

Opposition to War Conscientious Objectors – people whose religious beliefs forbid them to fight in wars. Objectors would often get court-martialed and imprisoned. 12% never responded to draft

Consequences of Opposition Espionage Act – enacted severe penalties for anyone engaged in disloyal or treasonable activities. Penalties included a $10,000 fine or 20 years Schneck v. United States – Supreme Court ruled that 1st Amendment rights can be suspended in times of war. Sedition Act – made it unlawful to say anything against the American form of government.

War Brings About Change Women Move into the workforce Enlist in the military Gain the right to vote. Great Migration African Americans migrate to the industrial north in search of a better life.

Jumpstart Assignment We will listen to the song “Over There.” What was the purpose of the song?

Over There

Committee on Public Information

More Propaganda

Timeline: World War I Read pages 189-192, then create a timeline of the U.S. entering the war to Armistice (peace). You need to include at least 5 items on your timeline.

America Aides the Allies Few believed America would be able to help the allies (pg. 171). German U-Boats made transportation of troops, food, and guns difficult. American’s used convoys – merchant ships surrounded by warships – to safely transport war materials.

The Allies Struggle Russian communist Revolution of 1917 put’s Vladimir Lenin in power. Russia drops out of the war in 1918.

The War Ends Many Central Power troops begin deserting. November 11, 1918, German and Austro-Hungarian forces surrender. 5 million Allied forces, and 8.5 Central Power troops had died.

Wilson’s Fourteen Points Wilson’s promotes “peace without victory” Treaty of Versailles (Paris) Most countries insisted that Germany pay reparations - payment for war damages. League of Nations - allies worked to establish a world organization where countries could peacefully resolve conflicts. Problems Ethnic groups divided. Ethnic groups clustered randomly.

America Rejects the Treaty German-American’s thought it was too harsh. Irish-American’s wanted independence for Ireland. Irreconcilables – Isolationists Reservationists - supported Treaty with a few changes.