Chapter 3 Architecture. Architecture and Human Needs 1.Some buildings are designed to shelter life (house, apartment buildings) 2.House Governments (Capitol.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Franklin Loaiza Marianne Scheer

Advertisements

Materials Used in Civil Engineering.

Greek, Roman and Middle Ages

Post and Lintel Ana Cristina Ayala.

Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY.

Architecture The art of sheltering people both physically and spiritually from the raw elements of the unaltered world Vertical Horizontal.

History of Architecture From Greece to the 21 st Century.

M. Ryan Academic Decathlon Architecture. The art and science of designing and constructing buildings Architecture.

Styles of Architecture

Architecture of The Middle Ages. Teacher: “Why do some people call the Middle Ages the Dark Ages?” Student: “Because there were so many knights.”

Welcome Back! JOURNALS – next due date! CALENDAR – other upcoming events! ARCHITECTURE – PowerPoint and Notes ARCHITECTURE POSTER: Work in groups at your.

Ma.Carlota Fermín Jorge Matheus

Romanesque vs. Gothic.

Chapter 9.2.  Roman emperors were constantly building and rebuilding their cities of their empire.  As long as there was money to do so, the emperors.

The History of Architecture Eva Tvrdíková

Engineering Structures 101 Structural Engineering: From the Beginning Professor Martin Fahey Head, School of Civil & Resource Engineering Room A1.10 (

Sutherland Open House February, 2014 Body Building – The Human Cathedral (Architecture from Romanesque to Gothic) Kevin J. Benoy Social Studies Department.

Review Test 3: Middle Ages. 300 A.D. – 1400 A.D. From the fall of the Roman Empire until the Italian Renaissance Divided into three sections –Carolingian.

Styles of Architecture. What is Architecture?  Architecture is the art and profession of designing buildings.  The word Architecture (Greek) has a historical.

 Introduction  Materials  Structure  Conclusion  Bibliography.

Michelle Perticarari Rebeca Peña

ARCHITECTURE AND THE RELATED ARTS Prepared by: Meriam H.Bayhon BSED-3.

MIDDLE AGE ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE Week 10. “Romanesque” describes Western European architecture from the late 10th to the 12th century. The term Romanesque.

 Buildings are as individual and interesting as are people. Like people, some buildings are small and delicate, some are tall and thin, and others are.

Ancient Rome: Roman Art History. The Ancient Roman World.

Carol Linares Fabiana Russo

U2-L2 March 11, 2008 QUIZ FRIDAY – Architecture Styles QUIZ WEDNESDAY – Construction Methods.

An Engineering Comparison of Post and Lintel Construction Method to Roman Arch Construction Method. Presented by: Autographs will be provided at a later.

Skyscraper Basics The term “skyscraper” was coined in the 1880s, shortly after the first tall buildings were constructed in the United States – but the.

ARCH PRESENTATION MADE BY: KARELIA DIAZ VANESSA QUINTERO.

Historical Background The buildings found in Rome at the peak of its power, were large and impressive These included theaters, baths, temples, libraries,

The Pantheon  The Pantheon is perhaps Rome’s second most famous building after the Colosseum  The word Pantheon comes from the Greek words “pan” and.

Remember what the Greeks and Romans liked? Admired the perfection of the human body. Greek Themes: mythology, athletics, daily life. Roman: same as Greeks,

An arch is a structure that spans a space while supporting weight Arches appeared as early as the 2nd millennium BC in Mesopotamian brick architecture,

Rome: Architecture, Engineering and Art CHW3M. Architecture in the Republic Temples Blend of Etruscan engineering with Greek influence Emphasis on façade.

Members: Yoshira Romero María de los Angeles Ortega

Objectives You will understand that architectural design is composed of elements. You will know the definitions of these elements. You will be able to.

For: Mr. Bausback. Model of Rome Does this look familiar?

Sejarah Senibina Barat : BAEA 2115 Naziaty Mohd Yaacob

By John Goettee The Pantheon in rome.

Architecture of The Middle Ages. Art overview Art in the Middle Ages (also known as the Medieval period) was inseparable from religion. The purpose of.

1) EALRY CHRISTIAN ARCHITECTURE 2) ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE 3) THE CAROLINIAN, OTTONIAN AND ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE 4) GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE.

Gothic Architecture Art Masterpeice.

Please pick up a popsicle stick and take out your notebook and blue organizers.

Ninoska Ruiz. Sarahy Carrillo.

Claudia Pérez Laura Rendeiro

(briefly ). Architecture has at its beginnings caves and huts fashioned by people as shelters for their families. It wasn’t till the civilizations of.

EARLY ENGLISH ARCHITECTURE. Anglo-Saxon Anglo-Saxon Churches.

Sutherland Open House February, 2014 Body Building – The Human Cathedral (Architecture from Romanesque to Gothic) Kevin J. Benoy Social Studies Department.

POST AND LINTEL Maria Cecilia Cordero Luis Miguel de Jesús.

Gothic Architecture.

POST AND LINTEL English II Carlos D. Bosque. DEFINITION Post and lintel is one of the most basic and simple construction technique. It consist in an horizontal.

- ARCHITECTURE: THE STYLE AND PARTS OF BUILDINGS - ENGINEERING:THE DESIGNING OF BUILDINGS, ROADS, BRIDGES, ETC Learning Objective: We will describe the.

Art Media. Drawing 2D process of portraying an objective scene or form of decoration or symbolic meaning through lines, shapes, values, textures in one.

Chapters 13, 14 and 15 Early Medieval, Romanesque and Gothic Art.

Structure provides constructional support to an architectural piece. The main types of structure are: – Post-and-Lintel – __________________ – Bearing.

POST AND LINTEL Angela Illiano Elezer Núñez Yesenia Toral.

Building Materials Architecture Humanities Adkins.

To understand ancient cultures had spiritual meaning in their lives.

Post and Lintel University Simón Bolívar English 2 Francis Martínez

History of Architecture

Romanesque and Gothic architecture

Domes Domes are curved structures with no angles and no corners, and they cover some of our most important structures. Despite their thinness, domes are.

Architecture M. Ryan,

ROMAN ARCHITECTURE.

Prepared BY- Parth Chauhan

Chapter 3 Architecture.

M. Ryan Academic Decathlon

Presentation transcript:

Chapter 3 Architecture

Architecture and Human Needs 1.Some buildings are designed to shelter life (house, apartment buildings) 2.House Governments (Capitol Building) 3.House commercial or business activities (skyscrapers) 4.Provide space devoted to worship gods 5.Designed to honor leaders (Lincoln memorial)

Post and Lintel Earliest and simplest methods of building with stone. Involves placing a horizontal beam or lintel across the open space between two posts or other vertical supports. Earliest examples from Egyptian temples dating back to 2700 B.C. Tensile strength – the capacity of a material to withstand bending.

Arch and Vault Construction Early architects discovered they could span larger areas by placing a round arch made of stone on top of two supports. Barrel Vault several arches placed front to back to enclose space. Made it possible to construct buildings with stone roofs that could span a wide space.

Arch and Vault Construction Early architects discovered they could span larger areas by placing a round arch made of stone on top of two supports. Barrel Vault several arches placed front to back to enclose space. The barrel vault would weaken if holes were made for windows, so the interiors of these buildings were dark and gloomy.

Barrel Vaults of the Basilica Nova 312 AD. Roman Forum, Rome

Groin Vault Roman builders began using a groin vault, two barrel vaults placed at right angles. This architecture allowed for four openings to the interior space.

Groin Vault

Flying Buttresses Middle Ages church builders sought other solutions to the problem letting light into the interior. Plus the height of churches meant power and closer to God A pointed arch was introduced to achieve both height and light. Flying Buttresses were required to create a thrust-counterthrust to support the walls and weight of the roof

The use of flying buttresses allowed the builders to fill the spaces between the supporting piers with spectacular stained-glass windows

Dome Construction A Dome is a hemisphere placed on walls that enclose a circular or square space. Developed first in the Middle East then later in ancient Rome.

Pantheon - Rome

Modern Construction Processes Wood Framing – originally based on the post and lintel system. Changed dramatically beginning in the 1800’s when metal nails were manufactured in quantities and sawmills provided lumber in standard sizes. Balloon Framing – heavy posts and beams built a self supporting system Strength is added as the building comes together.

Iron and Steel Construction 19 th century brought the development of iron technology. Metal was used more frequently to build the framework of large buildings and monuments, such as the Eiffel Tower. Steels great strength allowed vast interiors and lots of glass. Steel has great tensile strength. Steel skeletons are self-supporting skeletons. By 20 th century steel was used throughout the world, leading to skyscrapers.

Reinforced Concrete Construction Concrete, an important building material in ancient Rome, was not used again until the end of the 18 th century. Used to build lighthouses. 19 th century builders realized they could reinforce it with metal rods before it hardened. Known as ferroconcrete, or reinforced concrete.

Lightweight Structural Systems Lightweight metals and plastics offer contemporary architects new and exciting materials. Internal frames made of intricate metal rods with spaces between filled with metal, glass, plastic or some other material.

Review facts In what way is the barrel arch an improvement over the post and lintel? Why is it possible to only span narrow space with stone? How is the barrel vault constructed? Why were buildings constructed with barrel vaults dark and gloomy? What brought about the dramatic change in the wood construction in the 19 th century? What was the purpose of a Flying Buttress?