MODALS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS

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Presentation transcript:

MODALS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS

Obligation, necessity must have to ought to need

advice should (not)

lack of obligation don't have to don't need to needn't

prohibition mustn't can't ought not to shouldn't

ОТ ЧЕГО ЗАВИСИТ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ МОДАЛЬНЫХ ГЛАГОЛОВ?

2. НАСКОЛЬКО ОБЯЗАТЕЛЬНО? 1. КТО РЕШИЛ? 2. НАСКОЛЬКО ОБЯЗАТЕЛЬНО?

MUST HAVE/HAS TO NEEDN`T DO/ESN`T HAVE TO MUSTN`T CAN`T CHOOSES HIMSELF IS TOLD TO OBLIGATION LACK OF OBLIGATION PROHIBITION MUST HAVE/HAS TO NEEDN`T DO/ESN`T HAVE TO MUSTN`T CAN`T

ability, possibility can

speculation must may (not) might (not) could can`t

TO EXPRESS OUR GUESSES WE USE MODAL VERBS FOR SPECULATION TO EXPRESS OUR GUESSES WE USE MODAL VERBS FOR SPECULATION. To use them correctly you should consider two questions: How sure are you in your guess? What time does your guess refer to?

HOW SURE YOU ARE IN YOUR GUESS? CERTAINLY TRUE MUST POSSIBLY TRUE COULD, MAY, MIGHT POSSIBLY FALSE MAY NOT, MIGHT NOT CERTAINLY FALSE CAN`T

WHAT TIME DOES YOUR GUESS REFER TO? PRESENT PAST FUTURE (at the moment) (usual or unknown) PROGRESSIVE INFINITIVE PERFECT INFINITIVE SIMPLE INFINITIVE BE + VING HAVE + V3 V