The American Revolution Chapter 6 Section 4 Standard 10.1.3 Consider the influence of the U.S. Constitution on political systems in the contemporary world. Standard 10.2.3 Understand the unique character of the American Revolution and its spread to other parts of the world.

Growing Hostility “No taxation without representation” Navigation Act 1651 French Indian War 1754 Stamp Act 1765 “No taxation without representation” Boston Tea Party 1773 Continental Congress 1774 Chapter 6 Section 4

Thomas Jefferson Declaration of Independence (1776) Chapter 6 Section 4

What is the Declaration of Independence? Establishes the United States as a nation, adopted on July 4, 1776. Ordered and approved by the Continental Congress. It declared the thirteen colonies independent from Britain; offered reasons for the separation; and laid out the principles for which the Revolutionary War was fought. Chapter 6 Section 4

Declaration of Independence July 4, 1776 5 Principles Equality- each person has Natural Rights which are unalienable Main Purpose of Government – to protect individual rights Consent of the Governed- the people form the government to protect their rights Chapter 6 Section 4

Declaration of Independence, cont. Right of Revolution – Whenever government abuses the rights of the people, the people have the right to overthrow the government Limited Government – English kings are despotic and have broken the law for several years Chapter 6 Section 4

Review Why did the American colonists break away from England? Who influenced the ideas of Thomas Jefferson? What are the 5 principles of the Declaration of Independence? Chapter 6 Section 4

The Constitution The Supreme Law of the Land

Thomas Paine- Common Sense "in America, the law is king. For as in absolute governments the King is law, so in free countries the law ought to be king; and there ought to be no other." Chapter 6 Section 4

Before the Constitution Articles of Confederation 1781 Established the United States as a republic Created a weak national government No executive or judicial branches Congress had no power to collect taxes! Constitutional Convention met in 1787 to create a new constitution with a stronger national government Chapter 6 Section 4

What is the Constitution? The fundamental law of the United States, drafted in Philadelphia in 1787 ratified in 1788, and put into effect in 1789. It established a strong central government in place of the Articles of Confederation. Chapter 6 Section 4

Preamble of the Constitution We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. Chapter 6 Section 4

Outline of the Constitution Article 1 - The Legislative Branch Article 2 - The Executive Branch Article 3 - The Judicial Branch Article 4 - The States Article 5 - Amendment Article 6 - Debts, Supremacy, Oaths Article 7 - Ratification Amendments- 1-10 known as Bill of Rights Chapter 6 Section 4

Main Ideas of The Constitution Authority comes from the people Social Contract Individual Rights Rule of Law Limited Government Consent of the Governed Separation of Powers Balance of Power Federal System Popular sovereignty Chapter 6 Section 4

Which documents influenced The Constitution? Magna Carta 1215 English Bill of Rights 1689 Declaration of Independence 1776 Chapter 6 Section 4

Which Enlightenment Philosophers influenced The Constitution? Hobbes? Locke? Montesquieu? Voltaire? Rousseau? Beccaria? Wollstonecraft? Chapter 6 Section 4

The Debate: Is the Federal Government too strong? Federalists - NO Supported the Constitution This new government would provide a balance between the state and national government Anti-Federalists- Yes Feared that the national government is too strong Bill of Rights is needed to protect individuals!!!! James Madison- The Federalist Papers Chapter 6 Section 4

CH. 6 sec. 4 What was the Navigation Act? What was the Stamp Act? Why did the American colonists accuse the government of Britain of “taxation without representation?” What was the Boston Tea Party? When and how did the American Revolution begin? Why were the colonists justified in rebelling against Britain? How did John Locke and the Enlightenment influence the Declaration of Independence written by Thomas Jefferson? What were the problems with the Articles of Confederation? Which questions did the delegates at the Constitutional Convention attempt to answer? Define checks and balances Define federal system Did the Federalists agree with the Constitution? Explain why or why not. Did the Antifederalists agree with the Constitution? Explain why or why not. What is the Bill of Rights? Which freedoms does the Bill of Rights protect? Which philosophers influenced the Bill of Rights? Copy questions, answer in complete sentences, use pen Chapter 6 Section 4