Chapter 12 Skin Medications

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.2 Skin Medications Skin is largest organ of the body Many conditions affect skin Skin conditions can range from mild to severe

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.3 Topical Skin Preparations Antipruritics –Relieve itching Emollients and demulcents –Soothe irritation

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.4 Topical Skin Preparations Keratolytic agents –Loosen epithelial scales Scabicides and pediculicides –Treat scabies or lice

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.5 Topical Antifungals –Control fungal conditions Local anti-infectives –Prevent and treat infections Agents to treat acne

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.6 Absorption Rate Factors Conditions of skin Location of skin Heat Moisture

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.7 Antipruritics Short term –Treats dermatitis (rashes) related to allergic reactions, poison ivy, hives, and insect bites Type of antipruritics Side effects Patient education Contraindications

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.8 Corticosteroids Used topically and systemically Uses Side effects Contraindications

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.9 Emollients and Demulcents Used topically Treats dermatological conditions –Diaper rash –Abrasions –Minor burns

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.10 Keratolytics Controls abnormal scaling of the skin Examples of conditions Side effects Contraindications Patient education

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.11 Scabicides and Pediculicides Conditions and uses –Scabies –Pediculosis Side effects Contraindications Patient education

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.12 Antifungals Conditions and uses Need for good hygiene practices Side effects Contraindications Patient education

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.13 Antivirals Conditions and uses Apply immediately upon onset of signs and symptoms They are no effective ways to prevent infections

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.14 Local Anti-Infectives Antiseptics Burn medications Antibacterial agents Acne meds

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.15 Antiseptics Inhibit growth of bacteria –Bacteriostatic Disinfectants are included in this category, but not bactericidal substances Chlorhexidine Povidone-iodine

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.16 Antiseptics Side effects and contraindications of chlorhexidine Side effects and contraindications of povidone-iodine Patient education

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.17 Burn Medications Topical to prevent or treat infections Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) Nitrofurazone (Furacin) –If allergy to sulfa Side effects Contraindications Patient education

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.18 Antibacterial Agents Numerous agents prescribed and OTC Ointments, creams, and solutions Side effects Patient education

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.19 Agents to Treat Acne Common condition in teenagers and even into adulthood Type 1 to Type 4 based on severity Treatment options

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.20 Acne Side effects and contraindications of benzoyl peroxide Side effects & contraindications to Accutane Patient education

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.21 Cautions for Topical Meds Never take by mouth Keep out of reach of children Read all labels carefully Discontinue if there are side effects and seek medical advice

Copyright © 2007 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.22 Cautions for Topical Meds Don’t take beyond recommended dose Use caution when allergies are present