Plant Vocabulary

Photosynthesis Transforms Radiant Energy  Chemical Energy Water + Carbon Dioxide sunlight  Glucose (sugar) + Oxygen H 2 O + CO 2  C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 Happens in Plants  Leaf  Chloroplast

RadiantEnergy AKA… –Light Energy –Solar Energy Energy given off by the Sun ALL energy on Earth originated from the Sun

Chemical Energy Result of photosynthesis Energy transformed in plants Plants and animals use this energy to move and grow

Chemical Equation Summary of what happens in a chemical reaction Identifies elements involved and # atoms of each Includes…. Reactants  Products Example:

Chemical Formula Summarizes what a substance is made of (elements & # atoms of each) Example: H 2 O Water is made of… –2 atoms of Hydrogen (2 is a subscript) –1 atom of Oxygen

Reactants Substance(s) that exist before a chemical reaction Usually listed first in a chemical equation Example: H 2 O + CO 2  C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2

Products Substance(s) that are the result of a chemical equation Usually listed last Example: H 2 O + CO 2  C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2

Chloroplast Site of photosynthesis Organelle found in a plant cells Contains chlorophyll

Chlorophyll Pigment that makes leaves green Responsible for capturing sunlight

Stomata Pores on a plant that allow gas exchange for photosynthesis …. –Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) enters –Oxygen (O 2 ) exits –Water (H 2 O) exits during transpiration Mostly found on leaves

Pistil Female reproductive organ in a flower Where seeds are developed Can be 1 or multiple in a flower

Stamen Male reproductive organ of a flower Covered with pollen on the ends

Xylem Transport system Moves water and some nutrients from Roots  rest of plant New xylem are made each year on the outside of a plant (only lives 1 year)

Phloem Transport system Moves Glucose/Sugar from chloroplast  rest of plant Phloem….photosynthesis

Homeostasis Process of an organism maintaining balance Things that need to be balanced…water, temperature

Stimulus Cause Happens 1 st Types of Stimuli –External (outside) –Internal (internal) The SUN is an example of an external stimuli

Response Effect Reaction Happens 2 nd The plant’s growth toward the light

Tropism Plant growth response to stimuli –Common stimuli are light, gravity, water

Phototropism Plant’s response to light Photo = Light

Geotropism / Gravitropism Plant’s growth response to gravity –Positive grows TOWARD –Negative grows AWAY Geo = Earth

Hydrotropism Response of a plant’s roots to water Hydro = Water

Turgor Pressure Force of water pushing on a plant cell’s vacuole A – sufficient (plenty) water to make plant stand upright (stiff, rigid) B – insufficient (lacking) water, the plant wilts or bends

Emergence of a Seedling Seed sprouting out of the ground Requires an unbalanced force that results in motion Sometimes called germination

Flower Leaf Stem Root

Petal Pistil – female organ Stamen – male organ Where seeds are produced Where pollen is produced