Chapter 6

What are we going to learn? How to build simple circuits Trace circuit pathways Interpret electrical symbols Draw circuit diagrams Identify open and closed circuits Explain how a switch works in a circuit

Charge The understanding and use of electricity is relatively recent in history. Michael Faraday discovered the principles of the electric motor in 1830 Thomas Edison invented the first electric light in 1879

Charge Electric Charge, like mass, is a fundamental property of matter. Charge comes in two forms: Positive charge Negative Charge

Charge Inside atoms found in matter, attraction between positive and negative charges holds the atoms together.

Charge Virtually all the matter around you has electric charge because atoms are made of electrons and protons (and neutrons). Because ordinary matter has zero net (total) charge, most matter acts as if there is no electric charge at all.

Charge Whether two charges attract or repel depends on whether they have the same or opposite sign. A positive charge attracts a negative charge and vice versa. Two similar charges repel each other.

Charge Static Electricity: When a charge builds up on an object or material Electrically charged: an object that carries a positive or negative charge Electrically neutral: an object with a zero net charge When we acquire a static charge from walking across a carpet, our bodies gain a tiny amount of excess negative charge.

Charge The unit of charge is the coulomb (C). The name was chosen in honor of Charles Augustin de Coulomb ( ), the French physicist who performed the first accurate measurements of the force between charges. Electrical Forces: The forces between positive and negative charges.