05M Measures of Protection Weston Solutions, Inc. Presented by Shelter In Place August 2005 Copyright © 2005, Weston Solutions, Inc. Proprietary Information Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Outline of Presentation n Why Discuss Shelter in Place n Review Types of Shelter In Place Systems n How to Evaluate Facilities for SIP Protection n Review of SIP Sealing Measures n Prior Experience n Discussion n Why Discuss Shelter in Place n Review Types of Shelter In Place Systems n How to Evaluate Facilities for SIP Protection n Review of SIP Sealing Measures n Prior Experience n Discussion Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Two Potential Responses to Contaminated Airborne Incidents n Evacuate - Flee n Take Refuge – SIP ­ Sustainability to Continue Operations n Evacuate - Flee n Take Refuge – SIP ­ Sustainability to Continue Operations Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Why Shelter In Place Types of Threats n Acts of Terrorism ­ Dirty Bomb – Radioactive Dust ­ Chemical Weapons – Nerve or Blister ­ Biological Spores – Anthrax n Toxic Industrial Chemicals (TIC’s) ­ Chlorine ­ Phosgene Types of Threats n Acts of Terrorism ­ Dirty Bomb – Radioactive Dust ­ Chemical Weapons – Nerve or Blister ­ Biological Spores – Anthrax n Toxic Industrial Chemicals (TIC’s) ­ Chlorine ­ Phosgene Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M AGENTTYPE IDLH GA/GBNerve 0.2 mg/m 3 GDNerve 0.06 mg/m 3 VXNerve0.02 mg/m 3 AGENTTYPE IDLH GA/GBNerve 0.2 mg/m 3 GDNerve 0.06 mg/m 3 VXNerve0.02 mg/m 3 IDLH is a condition that poses a threat of exposure from airborne contaminants when that exposure is likely to cause death or have a delayed permanent adverse health effect. Measure of Toxic Chemical Threat Immediate Danger to Life and Health Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Shelter-In-Place Measures of Protection n Normal Sheltering n Expedient Sheltering n Enhanced Sheltering n Enhanced Plus Filtration n Collective Protection Overpressure n Normal Sheltering n Expedient Sheltering n Enhanced Sheltering n Enhanced Plus Filtration n Collective Protection Overpressure Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Normal Sheltering n Taking Refuge in an existing unmodified building to prevent and/or reduce exposure to toxic chemicals. n Protection involves closing doors, windows, and deactivating HVAC. n Normal Sheltering helps protect individuals from exposure when emergency action is precautionary, plume passage is short, and concentrations are low. n Taking Refuge in an existing unmodified building to prevent and/or reduce exposure to toxic chemicals. n Protection involves closing doors, windows, and deactivating HVAC. n Normal Sheltering helps protect individuals from exposure when emergency action is precautionary, plume passage is short, and concentrations are low. Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Expedient Sheltering n Taking Refuge in an existing unmodified building to prevent and/or reduce exposure to toxic chemicals. n Protection involves closing doors, windows, and deactivating HVAC. n Measures includes providing plastic sheeting & duct tape to windows, doors, and air vents. n Expedient Sheltering provides adequate protection when airborne chemical release is low to moderate and exposure time is less than 2 to 3 hours. n Taking Refuge in an existing unmodified building to prevent and/or reduce exposure to toxic chemicals. n Protection involves closing doors, windows, and deactivating HVAC. n Measures includes providing plastic sheeting & duct tape to windows, doors, and air vents. n Expedient Sheltering provides adequate protection when airborne chemical release is low to moderate and exposure time is less than 2 to 3 hours. Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Enhanced Sheltering n Taking Refuge in an existing building that has previously been retrofit to reduce air infiltration. n Retrofit measures include permanent sealing measure modifications to buildings protective perimeter reducing outside air infiltration changes per hour. n Protection measures incorporate architectural sealing measures with automated mechanical isolation dampers and controls to deactivate existing HVAC. n Enhanced Sheltering provides adequate protection when airborne chemical release is low to moderate and exposure time is less than 2 to 3 hours. n Taking Refuge in an existing building that has previously been retrofit to reduce air infiltration. n Retrofit measures include permanent sealing measure modifications to buildings protective perimeter reducing outside air infiltration changes per hour. n Protection measures incorporate architectural sealing measures with automated mechanical isolation dampers and controls to deactivate existing HVAC. n Enhanced Sheltering provides adequate protection when airborne chemical release is low to moderate and exposure time is less than 2 to 3 hours. Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Enhanced Plus Filtration Sheltering n Taking Refuge in an existing building that has be previously retrofit to reduce air infiltration and provide filtered outside air through existing HVAC systems creating a slight overpressure relative to atmosphere. n Protection measures incorporate sealing measures, and controls to filter (Particulate & Chemical) outside air intake through filtration system providing toxic free air to existing HVAC systems. n Enhanced Plus Filtration Sheltering provides adequate protection when airborne chemical release is moderate to high and exposure is less than filter life. n Taking Refuge in an existing building that has be previously retrofit to reduce air infiltration and provide filtered outside air through existing HVAC systems creating a slight overpressure relative to atmosphere. n Protection measures incorporate sealing measures, and controls to filter (Particulate & Chemical) outside air intake through filtration system providing toxic free air to existing HVAC systems. n Enhanced Plus Filtration Sheltering provides adequate protection when airborne chemical release is moderate to high and exposure is less than filter life. Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Collective Protection Overpressure Sheltering n Taking Refuge in an existing building that has be previously retrofit to reduce air infiltration and provide filtered outside air through dedicated Filtrated HVAC systems. n Protection measures incorporate architectural sealing measures, mechanical isolation dampers, electrical and controls to deactivate existing HVAC and n Provide dedicated Filtered HVAC air to maintain 0.2” (50 pa) positive pressure within the building envelope relative to the atmosphere. n Collective Protection Overpressure Sheltering provides adequate protection when airborne chemical release is moderate to high and exposure time is less than filter life or available backup utility. n Taking Refuge in an existing building that has be previously retrofit to reduce air infiltration and provide filtered outside air through dedicated Filtrated HVAC systems. n Protection measures incorporate architectural sealing measures, mechanical isolation dampers, electrical and controls to deactivate existing HVAC and n Provide dedicated Filtered HVAC air to maintain 0.2” (50 pa) positive pressure within the building envelope relative to the atmosphere. n Collective Protection Overpressure Sheltering provides adequate protection when airborne chemical release is moderate to high and exposure time is less than filter life or available backup utility. Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Engineering Assessment of Facilities Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Engineering Assessment for Anticipated Threats n Define Purpose and Use of Building n Number and Types of Occupants n Length of Time for Protection n Existing HVAC Systems n Facility Construction Type and Leakage Rates n Life Safety Systems n Define Purpose and Use of Building n Number and Types of Occupants n Length of Time for Protection n Existing HVAC Systems n Facility Construction Type and Leakage Rates n Life Safety Systems Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M n Buildings have three methods of air exchange ­ Forced Ventilation ­ Natural Ventilation ­ Infiltration Ventilation n Buildings have three methods of air exchange ­ Forced Ventilation ­ Natural Ventilation ­ Infiltration Ventilation Evaluate the Selected Protective Perimeter Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Forced Ventilation n Mechanical conditioning of outside air that is pumped into and out of the buildings interior. n HVAC Systems n Controlled Air Source n Mechanical conditioning of outside air that is pumped into and out of the buildings interior. n HVAC Systems n Controlled Air Source Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Natural Ventilation n Exchange of building air with outside air using intentional openings of a building n Doors and Windows n Controlled Air Source n Exchange of building air with outside air using intentional openings of a building n Doors and Windows n Controlled Air Source Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Infiltration Ventilation n Exchange of building air with outside air using unintentional openings of a building n Cracks, joints, seams, pores, and voids n Effected by wind speed and temperature difference n Uncontrolled Air Source n Exchange of building air with outside air using unintentional openings of a building n Cracks, joints, seams, pores, and voids n Effected by wind speed and temperature difference n Uncontrolled Air Source Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M n Blower Door Testing Measures ­ Equivalent leakage Area (ELA) ­ Uncontrolled Air Changes per Hour (ACH) or total Air Infiltration n Blower Door Testing Measures ­ Equivalent leakage Area (ELA) ­ Uncontrolled Air Changes per Hour (ACH) or total Air Infiltration ASTM E Determine Air Leakage Rate By Fan Pressurization Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M From Blower Door Test Data Evaluate Corrective Measures n Select Type of Shelter In Place Measures n Architectural Changes n Mechanical Changes n Electrical Changes n Control Changes n Select Type of Shelter In Place Measures n Architectural Changes n Mechanical Changes n Electrical Changes n Control Changes Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Architectural Measures n Apply liquid foam that solidifies to wall and ceiling interfaces, cracks, voids, and penetrations through perimeter walls. n Framing and installing GWB ceilings n Weatherize perimeter doors ­ Weather-stripping ­ Door Bottoms & Thresholds n Install new windows and doors n Provide weatherized glass door fronts separating zones n Apply liquid foam that solidifies to wall and ceiling interfaces, cracks, voids, and penetrations through perimeter walls. n Framing and installing GWB ceilings n Weatherize perimeter doors ­ Weather-stripping ­ Door Bottoms & Thresholds n Install new windows and doors n Provide weatherized glass door fronts separating zones Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Architectural Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Mechanical Measures n Install low leakage dampers at air handler inlets, unit ventilators, supply ductwork, and exhaust fans. n Provide Filtration Unit System ­ Filter & Housing assembly ­ Air Cooled Condensing Units ­ DX Coil – heat exchanger ­ Gas Fired Burner n Install low leakage dampers at air handler inlets, unit ventilators, supply ductwork, and exhaust fans. n Provide Filtration Unit System ­ Filter & Housing assembly ­ Air Cooled Condensing Units ­ DX Coil – heat exchanger ­ Gas Fired Burner Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Mechanical Mechanical Isolation Dampers with Actuator Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Electrical Measures n Dedicated Power Distribution Switchgear n Emergency Backup systems ­ Auxiliary Generator ­ Automatic Transfer Switch ­ Emergency Lighting n Dedicated Power Distribution Switchgear n Emergency Backup systems ­ Auxiliary Generator ­ Automatic Transfer Switch ­ Emergency Lighting Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Control Measures n Automate and Monitor existing HVAC. n Monitor Perimeter Door Position. n Stroke mechanical isolation dampers. n Engage filtration system. n Engage Emergency Backup system. n Automate and Monitor existing HVAC. n Monitor Perimeter Door Position. n Stroke mechanical isolation dampers. n Engage filtration system. n Engage Emergency Backup system. Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Weston Experience Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Current Client List n US Army Corps of Engineers ­ Clarks Moore Middle & Waco Elementary School – Collective Protection Over Pressurization ­ Richmond Child Care Center – Enhanced SIP ­ Telford Terrace – Enhanced SIP ­ Willis Manor – Enhanced SIP ­ McCready Manor – Enhanced SIP ­ Madison County Senior Citizens Center – Enhanced SIP ­ Pattie A. Clay Hospital – Enhanced SIP + Filtration n US Army Corps of Engineers ­ Clarks Moore Middle & Waco Elementary School – Collective Protection Over Pressurization ­ Richmond Child Care Center – Enhanced SIP ­ Telford Terrace – Enhanced SIP ­ Willis Manor – Enhanced SIP ­ McCready Manor – Enhanced SIP ­ Madison County Senior Citizens Center – Enhanced SIP ­ Pattie A. Clay Hospital – Enhanced SIP + Filtration Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Current Client List n US Postal Service (SIP Assessment) ­ Anniston Post Office ­ Blue Mountain Post Office ­ Oxford Post Office ­ Fort McCullen Post Office ­ Bynum Post Office ­ Middlesex Essex Post Office n US Postal Service (SIP Assessment) ­ Anniston Post Office ­ Blue Mountain Post Office ­ Oxford Post Office ­ Fort McCullen Post Office ­ Bynum Post Office ­ Middlesex Essex Post Office Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Current Client List n US Army Corps of Engineers ­ Confidential Command Center n US Army Corps of Engineers ­ Confidential Command Center Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Facilities at Risk All Government Facilities n Federal/State/Local ­ Command & Control Centers ­ Air Traffic Control Towers ­ Emergency Response Facilities ­ Postal Facilities ­ Military Bases All Government Facilities n Federal/State/Local ­ Command & Control Centers ­ Air Traffic Control Towers ­ Emergency Response Facilities ­ Postal Facilities ­ Military Bases Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Facilities at Risk n Public Gathering Facilities at higher risks of occupancy (can not evacuate) ­ Public and Private Schools ­ Child Care Centers ­ Homes for the Elderly ­ Hospitals n Public Gathering Facilities at higher risks of occupancy (can not evacuate) ­ Public and Private Schools ­ Child Care Centers ­ Homes for the Elderly ­ Hospitals Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M Thank You for Your Time and Participation Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.

05M For More Information, Contact: Mr. Chris Young Client Service Manager Weston Solutions, Inc Weston Way West, Chester, PA Or Mr. Hal Blakemore Project Manager Weston Solutions, Inc Weston Way West Chester, PA Information contained herein is the property of and is proprietary to Weston Solutions, Inc. and shall not be reproduced, disclosed, or used without the prior written permission of Weston Solutions, Inc.