1. HEATING AND COOLING SYSTEMS

2. HEATING SYSTEMS Fuel Types: Sun Natural gas Electricity
High pressure city steam

3. HEATING SYSTEMS
Sun
Begin design with an assortment of solar heating possibilities

4. HEATING SYSTEMS
Natural Gas
Second most common fuel for heating

5. HEATING SYSTEMS Electricity Lowest installation cost
More expensive than gas

6. HEATING SYSTEMS High Pressure City Steam
By-product – exhaust steam generates electricity

7. HEATING SYSTEMS Gas – Fired Heaters Semi outdoor locations only
Can be used inside for warehouses etc if vented

8. HEATING SYSTEMS Warm Air Heating First appeared in 1900
Oil, gas or electric
Forced air – provisions for adding an outdoor compressor and condensing unit for cooling

9. HEATING SYSTEMS Warm Air Heating
System burns gas, oil or heats electrical coils inside a closed chamber – heat exchanger – inside furnace
Large blower inside the furnace compartment forces cool air across the hot outer surface of the heat exchanger – heating the air
Fans move the heated air through a system of supply ducts located inside the walls and between floors and ceilings

10. HEATING SYSTEMS Warm Air Heating
Supply registers – equipped with dampers – inside the ducts balance and adjust system by controlling airflow
Damper vanes disperse air, controlling direction and velocity

11. HEATING SYSTEMS Warm Air Heating
Separate system of exhaust ducts draws cool air back through the return grills to be reheated and re- circulated
Return grills are generally located near the floor, on walls or the ceiling

12. COOLING SYSTEMS
Mechanical cooling systems originally a separate unit to be used in conjunction with heating equipment
Currently integrated into HVAC systems

13. COOLING SYSTEMS Cooling accounts for 20% of energy use in the U.S.
40% in the southern states

14. COOLING SYSTEMS Air Conditioning
The treatment of air so that it’s temperature, humidity, cleanliness, quality and motion are maintained as appropriate for the building’s occupants, a particular process or some object in the space

15. COOLING SYSTEMS Design Strategies for Cooling:
Relationship with the building form and day lighting decisions
Number and location of openings
Utilization of natural ventilation

16. COOLING SYSTEMS Process of Air Conditioning:
Fan sucks warm air indoors across a series of coils containing refrigerants and blows it back into the room
Refrigerant absorbs heat in the evaporator and then exhausts it outside through a system of fans and coils in the condenser
When indoor air is cooled – also dehumidified

17. COOLING SYSTEMS
Process of Air Conditioning

18. COOLING SYSTEMS Fans Used in small buildings
Person perceives a decrease of 1 degree Fahrenheit for every 15 feet per minute increase in the speed of air past the body

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